# Text Triplet

Triplet labeling is suitable for scenarios where structured information, such as subjects, predicates, and objects, needs to be labeled in statements. With this function, not only entities in statements, but also relationships between entities can be labeled. Triplet labeling is often used in natural language processing tasks such as dependency syntax analysis and information extraction.

Text triplet labeling involves two classes of important labels: Entity Label and Relationship Label. For the Relationship Label, you need to set its Source entity and Target entity.

- You can define multiple entity and relationship labels for a text object.
- The Entity Label defined during dataset creation cannot be deleted.

#### Precautions

Before labeling, ensure that the Entity Label and Relationship Label of a dataset have been defined. For the Relationship Label, you need to set its Source entity and Target entity. The Relationship Label must be between the defined Source entity and Target entity.

For example, if two entities are labeled as Place, you cannot add any relationship label between them. If a relationship label cannot be added, a red cross is displayed.

Figure 1 Example of entity and relationship labels
Figure 2 Failure of adding a relationship label

#### Starting Labeling

1. Log in to the ModelArts management console. In the left navigation pane, choose Data Management > Datasets. The Datasets page is displayed.
2. In the dataset list, select the dataset to be labeled based on the labeling type, and click the dataset name to go to the Dashboard tab page of the dataset.

   By default, the Dashboard tab page of the current dataset version is displayed. If you need to label the dataset of another version, click the Versions tab and then click Set to Current Version in the right pane. For details, see Managing Dataset Versions.

3. On the Dashboard page of the dataset, click Label in the upper right corner. The dataset details page is displayed. By default, all data of the dataset is displayed on the dataset details page.

#### Labeling Content

The dataset details page displays the labeled and unlabeled text objects in the dataset. The Unlabeled tab page is displayed by default.

1. On the Unlabeled tab page, the objects to be labeled are listed in the left pane. In the list, click a text object, select the corresponding text content on the right pane, and select an entity name from the displayed entity list to label the content.
   Figure 3 Labeling an entity
2. After labeling multiple entities, click the source entity and target entity in sequence and select a relationship type from the displayed relationship list to label the relationship.
   Figure 4 Labeling a relationship
3. After all objects are labeled, click Save Current Page at the bottom of the page.

You cannot modify the labels of a dataset in the text triplet type on the labeling page. Instead, click Edit to enter the Modify Dataset page and modify the Entity Label and Relationship Label.

#### Modifying Labeled Data

After labeling data, you can modify labeled data on the Labeled tab page.

On the dataset details page, click the Labeled tab. Select a text object in the left pane and the right pane displays the detailed label information. You can move your cursor to the entity or relationship label, and right-click to delete it. You can also click the source entity and target entity in sequence to add a relationship label.

Figure 5 Modifying a label in the text

You can click Delete Labels on Current Item at the bottom of the page to delete all labels in the selected text object.

Figure 6 Deleting current labels

#### Adding a File

In addition to automatically synchronizing data from Input Dataset Path, you can directly add text files on ModelArts for data labeling.

1. On the dataset details page, click the Unlabeled tab. Then click Add File.
2. In the Add File dialog box that is displayed, select the files to be uploaded.

   Select one or more files to be uploaded in the local environment. Only .txt and .csv files are supported. The total size of files uploaded at a time cannot exceed 8 MB.

   Figure 7 Adding a file
3. In the Add File dialog box, click Upload. The files you add will be automatically displayed in the Labeling Objects list on the Unlabeled tab page.

#### Deleting a File

You can quickly delete the files you want to discard.

- On the Unlabeled tab page, select the text to be deleted, and click Delete in the upper left corner to delete the text.
- On the Labeled tab page, select the text to be deleted and click Delete. Alternatively, you can tick Select Images on Current Page to select all text objects on the current page and click Delete in the upper left corner.

The background of the selected text is blue. If no text is selected on the page, the Delete button is unavailable.

Parent topic: Labeling Data