If you need to grant your enterprise personnel permission to access your ASM resources, use Identity and Access Management (IAM). IAM provides identity authentication, fine-grained permissions management, and access control. IAM helps you secure access to your cloud resources. If your cloud account does not require individual IAM users for permissions management, you can skip this section.

IAM is a free service. You only pay for the resources in your account.

With IAM, you can control access to specific cloud resources. For example, if you want some software developers in your enterprise to be able to use ASM resources but do not want them to delete service meshes or perform any other high-risk operations, you can create IAM users and grant permission to use service meshes but not permission to delete them.

IAM supports role/policy-based authorization and identity policy-based authorization.

The following table describes the differences between these two authorization models.

**Table 1** Differences between role/policy-based and identity policy-based authorization
Authorization Model	Core Relationship	Permissions	Authorization Method	Scenario
Role/Policy	User-permission-authorization scope	System-defined roles System-defined policies Custom policies	Assigning roles or policies to principals	To authorize a user, you need to add it to a user group first and then specify the scope of authorization. It provides a limited number of condition keys and cannot meet the requirements of fine-grained permissions control. This method is suitable for small- and medium-sized enterprises.
Identity policy	User-policy	System-defined identity policies Custom identity policies	Assigning identity policies to principals Attaching identity policies to principals	You can authorize a user by attaching an identity policy to it. User-specific authorization and a variety of key conditions allow for more fine-grained permissions control. However, this model can be hard to set up. It requires a certain amount of expertise and is suitable for medium- and large-sized enterprises.

Policies/identity policies and actions in the two authorization models are not interoperable. You are advised to use the identity policy-based authorization model. For details about system-defined permissions, see Role/Policy-based Authorization and Identity Policy-based Authorization.

For more information about IAM, see IAM Service Overview.

Role/Policy-based Authorization

ASM supports role/policy-based authorization. New IAM users do not have any permissions assigned by default. You need to first add them to one or more groups and then attach policies or roles to these groups. The users then inherit permissions from the groups and can perform specified operations on cloud services based on the permissions they have been assigned.

ASM is a project-level service deployed for specific regions. When you set Scope to Region-specific projects and select the specified projects in the specified regions , the users only have permissions for service meshes in the selected projects. If you set Scope to All resources, the users have permissions for service meshes in all region-specific projects. When accessing ASM, the users need to switch to the authorized region.

Table 2 lists all the system-defined permissions for ASM. System-defined policies in role/policy-based authorization are not interoperable with those in identity policy-based authorization.

**Table 2** System-defined permissions for ASM
Role/Policy Name	Description	Type	Dependencies
ASM FullAccess	Administrator permissions for ASM. Users with these permissions can perform all operations on service meshes and all resources (such as Services, gateways, and grayscale release tasks) in the service meshes.	System-defined policy	None
ASM ReadOnlyAccess	Read-only permissions for ASM. Users with these permissions can only view service meshes and all resources in the service meshes.	System-defined policy	None

Table 3 lists the common operations supported by system-defined permissions for ASM.

**Table 3** Common operations supported by system-defined permissions
Operation	ASM FullAccess	ASM ReadOnlyAccess
Creating a service mesh	√	x
Deleting a service mesh	√	x
Querying the service mesh list	√	√
Querying the details about a service mesh	√	√
Updating a service mesh	√	x
Upgrading a service mesh	√	x
Querying and validating the Service of a service mesh	√	√
Querying the Service list of a service mesh	√	√
Repairing the Service of a service mesh with just one click	√	x
Creating a service governance policy for a service mesh	√	x
Querying the service governance policy of a service mesh	√	√
Deleting the service governance policy of a service mesh	√	x
Obtaining the namespace list	√	√
Injecting sidecars for a namespace	√	x
Creating a grayscale release task	√	x
Deleting a grayscale release task	√	x
Querying the grayscale release task list	√	√
Querying the details about a grayscale release task	√	√
Updating a grayscale release task	√	x
Creating a gateway	√	x
Querying the gateway list	√	√
Deleting a gateway	√	x
Adding a gateway route	√	x
Querying the gateway route list	√	√
Deleting a gateway route	√	x
Creating a one-click experience task	√	x
Querying the details about a one-click experience task	√	√
Deleting a one-click experience task	√	x
Querying the service mesh topology	√	√

Role/Policy Dependencies of the ASM Console

**Table 4** Role/Policy dependencies of the ASM console
Console Function	Dependency	Role/Policy Required
Tracing	APM	To enable the tracing service provided by APM 2.0, an IAM user must be granted the APMFullAccess permissions.

Identity Policy-based Authorization

ASM supports identity policy-based authorization. Table 5 lists all the system-defined identity policies for ASM. System-defined policies in identity policy-based authorization are not interoperable with those in role/policy-based authorization.

**Table 5** System-defined identity policies for ASM
Identity Policy Name	Description	Type
ASMFullAccess	Administrator permissions for ASM. Users with these permissions can perform all operations on service meshes and all resources (such as Services, gateways, and grayscale release tasks) in the service meshes.	System-defined identity policy
ASMReadOnlyAccess	Read-only permissions for ASM. Users with these permissions can only view service meshes and all resources in the service meshes.	System-defined identity policy

Table 6 lists the common operations supported by system-defined identity policies for ASM.

**Table 6** Common operations supported by system-defined policies
Operation	ASM FullAccess	ASM ReadOnlyAccess
Creating a service mesh	√	x
Deleting a service mesh	√	x
Querying the service mesh list	√	√
Querying the details about a service mesh	√	√
Updating a service mesh	√	x
Upgrading a service mesh	√	x
Querying and validating the Service of a service mesh	√	√
Querying the Service list of a service mesh	√	√
Repairing the Service of a service mesh with just one click	√	x
Creating a service governance policy for a service mesh	√	x
Querying the service governance policy of a service mesh	√	√
Deleting the service governance policy of a service mesh	√	x
Obtaining the namespace list	√	√
Injecting sidecars for a namespace	√	x
Creating a grayscale release task	√	x
Deleting a grayscale release task	√	x
Querying the grayscale release task list	√	√
Querying the details about a grayscale release task	√	√
Updating a grayscale release task	√	x
Creating a gateway	√	x
Querying the gateway list	√	√
Deleting a gateway	√	x
Adding a gateway route	√	x
Querying the gateway route list	√	√
Deleting a gateway route	√	x
Creating a one-click experience task	√	x
Querying the details about a one-click experience task	√	√
Deleting a one-click experience task	√	x
Querying the service mesh topology	√	√

Identity Policy Dependencies of the ASM Console

**Table 7** Identity policy dependencies of the ASM console
Console Function	Dependency	Identity Policy Required
Tracing	APM	To enable the tracing service provided by APM 2.0, an IAM user must be granted the APMFullAccess permissions.

Helpful Links

IAM Service Overview

Permissions

Role/Policy-based Authorization

Role/Policy Dependencies of the ASM Console

Identity Policy-based Authorization

Identity Policy Dependencies of the ASM Console

Helpful Links