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Lu, Huayi 95132e24fc DWS UMN 830.201_new version 
Reviewed-by: Pruthi, Vineet <vineet.pruthi@t-systems.com>
Reviewed-by: Rechenburg, Matthias <matthias.rechenburg@t-systems.com>
Co-authored-by: Lu, Huayi <luhuayi@huawei.com>
Co-committed-by: Lu, Huayi <luhuayi@huawei.com>
2024-05-27 11:54:34 +00:00

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<a name="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001652434770"></a><a name="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001652434770"></a>
<h1 class="topictitle1">What Are the Differences Between Functions and Stored Procedures?</h1>
<div id="body0000001652434770"><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001652434770__p8060118">Functions and stored procedures are two common objects in database management systems. They have similarities and differences in implementing specific functions. Understanding their characteristics and application scenarios is important for properly designing the database structure and improving database performance.</p>
<div class="tablenoborder"><table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001652434770__table1491415476130" frame="border" border="1" rules="all"><caption><b>Table 1 </b>Differences between functions and stored procedures</caption><thead align="left"><tr id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001652434770__row209158473135"><th align="left" class="cellrowborder" valign="top" width="50%" id="mcps1.3.2.2.3.1.1"><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001652434770__p491564714130">Function</p>
</th>
<th align="left" class="cellrowborder" valign="top" width="50%" id="mcps1.3.2.2.3.1.2"><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001652434770__p391574741318">Stored procedures</p>
</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001652434770__row1291514761315"><td class="cellrowborder" colspan="2" valign="top" headers="mcps1.3.2.2.3.1.1 mcps1.3.2.2.3.1.2 "><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001652434770__p731531210475">Both can be used to implement specific functions. Both functions and stored procedures can encapsulate a series of SQL statements to complete certain specific operations.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001652434770__row1191519470130"><td class="cellrowborder" colspan="2" valign="top" headers="mcps1.3.2.2.3.1.1 mcps1.3.2.2.3.1.2 "><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001652434770__p119421262476">Both can receive input parameters and perform corresponding operations based on the parameters.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001652434770__row17916204781314"><td class="cellrowborder" valign="top" width="50%" headers="mcps1.3.2.2.3.1.1 "><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001652434770__p6916164731318">The identifier of a function is <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001652434770__b19883161081214">FUNCTION</strong>.</p>
</td>
<td class="cellrowborder" valign="top" width="50%" headers="mcps1.3.2.2.3.1.2 "><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001652434770__p16916144761319">The identifier of the stored procedure is <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001652434770__b1660241311214">PROCEDURE</strong>.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001652434770__row19161147161314"><td class="cellrowborder" valign="top" width="50%" headers="mcps1.3.2.2.3.1.1 "><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001652434770__p14916124751315">A function must return a specific value of the specified numeric type.</p>
</td>
<td class="cellrowborder" valign="top" width="50%" headers="mcps1.3.2.2.3.1.2 "><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001652434770__p4916174711132">A stored procedure can have no return value, one return value, or multiple return values. You can use output parameters to return results or directly use the SELECT statement in a stored procedure to return result sets.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001652434770__row89161547101314"><td class="cellrowborder" valign="top" width="50%" headers="mcps1.3.2.2.3.1.1 "><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001652434770__p1691715474134">Functions are used to return single values, for example, a number calculation result, a string processing result, or a table.</p>
</td>
<td class="cellrowborder" valign="top" width="50%" headers="mcps1.3.2.2.3.1.2 "><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001652434770__p59171747191312">Stored procedures are used for DML operations, for example, inserting, updating, and deleting data in batches.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<ul id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001652434770__ul1388016423167"><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001652434770__li11880242171616"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001652434770__b171781525201312">Creating and Invoking a Function</strong><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001652434770__p02467810328">Create the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001652434770__b86641621143119">emp</strong> table and insert data into the table. The table data is as follows:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001652434770__screen375318478324"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span>
<span class="normal">6</span>
<span class="normal">7</span>
<span class="normal">8</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">emp</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">empno</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ename</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">job</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mgr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hiredate</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">sal</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">comm</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deptno</span>
<span class="c1">-------+-------+----------+------+---------------------+---------+--------+--------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7369</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">SMITH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">CLERK</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7902</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1980</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">12</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">17</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">800</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">20</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7499</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ALLEN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">SALESMAN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7698</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1981</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">02</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">20</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1600</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">300</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">30</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7566</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">JONES</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MANAGER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7839</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1981</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">04</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">02</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2975</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">20</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7521</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WARD</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">SALESMAN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7698</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1981</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">02</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">22</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1250</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">500</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">30</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">rows</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001652434770__p1682095010234">Create the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001652434770__b13865120316">emp_comp</strong> function to accept two numbers as input and return the calculated value.</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001652434770__screen117321848192718"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span>
<span class="normal">6</span>
<span class="normal">7</span>
<span class="normal">8</span>
<span class="normal">9</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">CREATE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">OR</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">REPLACE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FUNCTION</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">emp_comp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p_sal</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NUMBER</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p_comm</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NUMBER</span>
<span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">RETURN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NUMBER</span>
<span class="k">IS</span>
<span class="k">BEGIN</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">RETURN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">p_sal</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">NVL</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">p_comm</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">24</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">END</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="o">/</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001652434770__p1989744112712">Run the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001652434770__b363494163210">SELECT</strong> command to invoke the function:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001652434770__screen19848615193617"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span>
<span class="normal">6</span>
<span class="normal">7</span>
<span class="normal">8</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ename</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;Name&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">sal</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;Salary&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">comm</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;Commission&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">emp_comp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sal</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">comm</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;Total Compensation&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">emp</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Name</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Salary</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Commission</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Total</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Compensation</span>
<span class="c1">-------+---------+------------+--------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">SMITH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">800</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">19200</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">00</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ALLEN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1600</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">300</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">45600</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">00</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">JONES</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2975</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">71400</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">00</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">WARD</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1250</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">500</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">42000</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">00</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">rows</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001652434770__li275125415162"><strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001652434770__b9504129171314">Creating and Invoking a Stored Procedure</strong><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001652434770__p86031059172">Create the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001652434770__b558918120329">MATCHES</strong> table and insert data into the table. The table data is as follows:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001652434770__screen646571117238"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span>
<span class="normal">6</span>
<span class="normal">7</span>
<span class="normal">8</span>
<span class="normal">9</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MATCHES</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">matchno</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">teamno</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">playerno</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">won</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">lost</span>
<span class="c1">---------+--------+----------+-----+------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">6</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">57</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">8</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">8</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">9</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">27</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">11</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">112</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">rows</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001652434770__p10250114117223">Create the stored procedure <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001652434770__b362210243321">delete_matches</strong> to delete all matches that a specified player participates in.</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001652434770__screen782315546235"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span>
<span class="normal">6</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">CREATE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">PROCEDURE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">delete_matches</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">IN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p_playerno</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">INTEGER</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="k">BEGIN</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">DELETE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MATCHES</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">WHERE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">playerno</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p_playerno</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">END</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="o">/</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001652434770__p146601011142411">Invoke the stored procedure <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001652434770__b68214133312">delete_matches</strong>.</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001652434770__screen19120946112420"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">CALL</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">delete_matches</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">57</span><span class="p">);</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001652434770__p1920120142510">Query the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001652434770__b13274206173319">MATCHES</strong> table again. The returned result indicates that the data of the player whose <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001652434770__b155611322103310">playerno</strong> is <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001652434770__b122605275334">57</strong> has been deleted.</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001652434770__screen18364746192519"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span>
<span class="normal">6</span>
<span class="normal">7</span>
<span class="normal">8</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MATCHES</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">matchno</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">teamno</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">playerno</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">won</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">lost</span>
<span class="c1">---------+--------+----------+-----+------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">11</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">112</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">8</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">8</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">6</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">9</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">27</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">rows</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</li></ul>
</div>
<div>
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<div class="parentlink"><strong>Parent topic:</strong> <a href="dws_03_0065.html">Database Usage</a></div>
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