forked from docs/doc-exports
Yang, Tong
6182f91ba8
Reviewed-by: Hasko, Vladimir <vladimir.hasko@t-systems.com> Co-authored-by: Yang, Tong <yangtong2@huawei.com> Co-committed-by: Yang, Tong <yangtong2@huawei.com>
137 lines
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137 lines
21 KiB
HTML
<a name="mrs_01_24377"></a><a name="mrs_01_24377"></a>
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<h1 class="topictitle1">Synchronizing Kafka Data to ClickHouse</h1>
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<div id="body0000001177903444"><p id="mrs_01_24377__p99991325122814">This section describes how to create a Kafka table to automatically synchronize Kafka data to the ClickHouse cluster.</p>
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<div class="section" id="mrs_01_24377__section51183720311"><h4 class="sectiontitle">Prerequisites</h4><ul id="mrs_01_24377__ul1696835973115"><li id="mrs_01_24377__li5968105919312">You have created a Kafka cluster. The Kafka client has been installed.</li><li id="mrs_01_24377__li332933173114">A ClickHouse cluster has been created. It is in the same VPC as the Kafka cluster and can communicate with each other.</li><li id="mrs_01_24377__li25497248328">The ClickHouse client has been installed.</li></ul>
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</div>
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<div class="section" id="mrs_01_24377__section1715164319232"><h4 class="sectiontitle">Constraints</h4><p id="mrs_01_24377__p1565012467236">Currently, ClickHouse cannot interconnect with Kafka clusters with security mode enabled.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="section" id="mrs_01_24377__section10908164973416"><a name="mrs_01_24377__section10908164973416"></a><a name="section10908164973416"></a><h4 class="sectiontitle">Syntax of the Kafka Table</h4><ul id="mrs_01_24377__ul17852183815396"><li id="mrs_01_24377__li9852203819395"><strong id="mrs_01_24377__b169761841247">Syntax</strong><pre class="screen" id="mrs_01_24377__screen1653085211397">CREATE TABLE [IF NOT EXISTS] [db.]table_name [ON CLUSTER cluster]
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(
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name1 [type1] [DEFAULT|MATERIALIZED|ALIAS expr1],
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name2 [type2] [DEFAULT|MATERIALIZED|ALIAS expr2],
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...
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) ENGINE = Kafka()
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SETTINGS
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kafka_broker_list = 'host1:port1,host2:port2',
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kafka_topic_list = 'topic1,topic2,...',
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kafka_group_name = 'group_name',
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kafka_format = 'data_format';
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[kafka_row_delimiter = 'delimiter_symbol',]
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[kafka_schema = '',]
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[kafka_num_consumers = N]</pre>
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</li><li id="mrs_01_24377__li361911291437"><strong id="mrs_01_24377__b1060987144">Parameter description</strong>
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<div class="tablenoborder"><table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="" id="mrs_01_24377__table2094810916447" frame="border" border="1" rules="all"><caption><b>Table 1 </b>Kafka table parameters</caption><thead align="left"><tr id="mrs_01_24377__row1694819984412"><th align="left" class="cellrowborder" valign="top" width="16.521652165216523%" id="mcps1.3.4.2.2.2.2.4.1.1"><p id="mrs_01_24377__p694812919441">Parameter</p>
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</th>
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<th align="left" class="cellrowborder" valign="top" width="8.430843084308432%" id="mcps1.3.4.2.2.2.2.4.1.2"><p id="mrs_01_24377__p139488984417">Mandatory</p>
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</th>
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<th align="left" class="cellrowborder" valign="top" width="75.04750475047504%" id="mcps1.3.4.2.2.2.2.4.1.3"><p id="mrs_01_24377__p5948139134419">Description</p>
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</th>
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</tr>
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</thead>
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<tbody><tr id="mrs_01_24377__row1594849144412"><td class="cellrowborder" valign="top" width="16.521652165216523%" headers="mcps1.3.4.2.2.2.2.4.1.1 "><p id="mrs_01_24377__p1194817913443">kafka_broker_list</p>
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</td>
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<td class="cellrowborder" valign="top" width="8.430843084308432%" headers="mcps1.3.4.2.2.2.2.4.1.2 "><p id="mrs_01_24377__p29484914449">Yes</p>
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</td>
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<td class="cellrowborder" valign="top" width="75.04750475047504%" headers="mcps1.3.4.2.2.2.2.4.1.3 "><p id="mrs_01_24377__p169481913446">A list of Kafka broker instances, separated by comma (,). For example, <em id="mrs_01_24377__i104424911275">IP address 1 of the Kafka broker instance</em>:<strong id="mrs_01_24377__b9444153024010">9092</strong>,<em id="mrs_01_24377__i1444104915273">IP address 2 of the Kafka broker instance</em>:<strong id="mrs_01_24377__b1525111012814">9092</strong>,<em id="mrs_01_24377__i1344204912714">IP address 3 of the Kafka broker instance</em>:<strong id="mrs_01_24377__b15522512142810">9092</strong>.</p>
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<p id="mrs_01_24377__p16153131918356">To obtain the IP address of the Kafka broker instance, perform the following steps:</p>
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<ul id="mrs_01_24377__ul48008460573"><li id="mrs_01_24377__li1080074618576">For versions earlier than MRS 3.x, click the cluster name to go to the cluster details page and choose <strong id="mrs_01_24377__b130143534122219">Components</strong> > <strong id="mrs_01_24377__b56140872822219">Kafka</strong>. Click <span class="uicontrol" id="mrs_01_24377__uicontrol3121144220456"><b>Instances</b></span> to query the IP addresses of the Kafka instances.<div class="note" id="mrs_01_24377__note1280014616574"><span class="notetitle"> NOTE: </span><div class="notebody"><p id="mrs_01_24377__p158007468574">If the <strong id="mrs_01_24377__b195351045185413">Components</strong> tab is unavailable, complete IAM user synchronization first. (On the <strong id="mrs_01_24377__b13535945195418">Dashboard</strong> page, click <strong id="mrs_01_24377__b45351045185413">Synchronize</strong> on the right side of <span class="parmname" id="mrs_01_24377__parmname753604525419"><b>IAM User Sync</b></span> to synchronize IAM users.)</p>
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</div></div>
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</li><li id="mrs_01_24377__li78001046145717">For MRS 3.<em id="mrs_01_24377__i33468603022219">x</em> or later, log in to FusionInsight Manager and choose <strong id="mrs_01_24377__b97325408222219">Cluster</strong> > <em id="mrs_01_24377__i195087241422219">Name of the desired cluster</em> > <strong id="mrs_01_24377__b119006642622219">Services</strong> > <strong id="mrs_01_24377__b110956953422219">Kafka</strong>. Click <span class="uicontrol" id="mrs_01_24377__uicontrol19658154134712"><b>Instances</b></span> to query the IP addresses of the Kafka instances.</li></ul>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr id="mrs_01_24377__row12948597449"><td class="cellrowborder" valign="top" width="16.521652165216523%" headers="mcps1.3.4.2.2.2.2.4.1.1 "><p id="mrs_01_24377__p99482912447">kafka_topic_list</p>
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</td>
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<td class="cellrowborder" valign="top" width="8.430843084308432%" headers="mcps1.3.4.2.2.2.2.4.1.2 "><p id="mrs_01_24377__p109481790443">Yes</p>
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</td>
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<td class="cellrowborder" valign="top" width="75.04750475047504%" headers="mcps1.3.4.2.2.2.2.4.1.3 "><p id="mrs_01_24377__p1294839114416">A list of Kafka topics.</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr id="mrs_01_24377__row2094819944417"><td class="cellrowborder" valign="top" width="16.521652165216523%" headers="mcps1.3.4.2.2.2.2.4.1.1 "><p id="mrs_01_24377__p169485914410">kafka_group_name</p>
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</td>
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<td class="cellrowborder" valign="top" width="8.430843084308432%" headers="mcps1.3.4.2.2.2.2.4.1.2 "><p id="mrs_01_24377__p1594815964415">Yes</p>
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</td>
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<td class="cellrowborder" valign="top" width="75.04750475047504%" headers="mcps1.3.4.2.2.2.2.4.1.3 "><p id="mrs_01_24377__p1794810912442">A group of Kafka consumers, which can be customized.</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr id="mrs_01_24377__row83821942144719"><td class="cellrowborder" valign="top" width="16.521652165216523%" headers="mcps1.3.4.2.2.2.2.4.1.1 "><p id="mrs_01_24377__p15801046104718">kafka_format</p>
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</td>
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<td class="cellrowborder" valign="top" width="8.430843084308432%" headers="mcps1.3.4.2.2.2.2.4.1.2 "><p id="mrs_01_24377__p1780112464472">Yes</p>
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</td>
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<td class="cellrowborder" valign="top" width="75.04750475047504%" headers="mcps1.3.4.2.2.2.2.4.1.3 "><p id="mrs_01_24377__p1801194614470">Kafka message format, for example, JSONEachRow, CSV, and XML.</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr id="mrs_01_24377__row99301914144915"><td class="cellrowborder" valign="top" width="16.521652165216523%" headers="mcps1.3.4.2.2.2.2.4.1.1 "><p id="mrs_01_24377__p99304146497">kafka_row_delimiter</p>
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</td>
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<td class="cellrowborder" valign="top" width="8.430843084308432%" headers="mcps1.3.4.2.2.2.2.4.1.2 "><p id="mrs_01_24377__p1293001434910">No</p>
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</td>
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<td class="cellrowborder" valign="top" width="75.04750475047504%" headers="mcps1.3.4.2.2.2.2.4.1.3 "><p id="mrs_01_24377__p139301414174916">Delimiter character, which ends a message.</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr id="mrs_01_24377__row831683944914"><td class="cellrowborder" valign="top" width="16.521652165216523%" headers="mcps1.3.4.2.2.2.2.4.1.1 "><p id="mrs_01_24377__p183161739124914">kafka_schema</p>
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</td>
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<td class="cellrowborder" valign="top" width="8.430843084308432%" headers="mcps1.3.4.2.2.2.2.4.1.2 "><p id="mrs_01_24377__p7316123914498">No</p>
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</td>
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<td class="cellrowborder" valign="top" width="75.04750475047504%" headers="mcps1.3.4.2.2.2.2.4.1.3 "><p id="mrs_01_24377__p631619398493">Parameter that must be used if the format requires a schema definition.</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr id="mrs_01_24377__row2994740501"><td class="cellrowborder" valign="top" width="16.521652165216523%" headers="mcps1.3.4.2.2.2.2.4.1.1 "><p id="mrs_01_24377__p179940485012">kafka_num_consumers</p>
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</td>
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<td class="cellrowborder" valign="top" width="8.430843084308432%" headers="mcps1.3.4.2.2.2.2.4.1.2 "><p id="mrs_01_24377__p1399417415504">No</p>
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</td>
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<td class="cellrowborder" valign="top" width="75.04750475047504%" headers="mcps1.3.4.2.2.2.2.4.1.3 "><p id="mrs_01_24377__p149947475015">Number of consumers in per table. The default value is <strong id="mrs_01_24377__b14817141145312">1</strong>. If the throughput of a consumer is insufficient, more consumers are required. The total number of consumers cannot exceed the number of partitions in a topic because only one consumer can be allocated to each partition.</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</div>
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</li></ul>
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</div>
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<div class="section" id="mrs_01_24377__section095512317568"><h4 class="sectiontitle">How to Synchronize Kafka Data to ClickHouse</h4><ol id="mrs_01_24377__ol5883183613568"><li id="mrs_01_24377__li58847364569"><a name="mrs_01_24377__li58847364569"></a><a name="li58847364569"></a><span>Switch to the Kafka client installation directory. For details, see <a href="mrs_01_1767.html">Using the Kafka Client</a>.</span><p><ol type="a" id="mrs_01_24377__ol159296281012"><li id="mrs_01_24377__lac0304168b134dbf966709a6ce549e7d">Log in to the node where the Kafka client is installed as the Kafka client installation user.</li><li id="mrs_01_24377__l9c0d2dbdcb7d41eab895a9f75b9a02b2">Run the following command to go to the client installation directory:<p id="mrs_01_24377__a96ae52efde9642948f638441a036c79a"><a name="mrs_01_24377__l9c0d2dbdcb7d41eab895a9f75b9a02b2"></a><a name="l9c0d2dbdcb7d41eab895a9f75b9a02b2"></a><strong id="mrs_01_24377__a50193f1676c741a5ae432c55250667d6">cd /opt/client</strong></p>
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</li><li id="mrs_01_24377__l02709ddfb0a744f9ab239374e40a3e8b">Run the following command to configure environment variables:<p id="mrs_01_24377__a7060369a3f304b7890e4afb33f3e22ee"><a name="mrs_01_24377__l02709ddfb0a744f9ab239374e40a3e8b"></a><a name="l02709ddfb0a744f9ab239374e40a3e8b"></a><strong id="mrs_01_24377__addfe02b6a608430294a07fc537cc9c53">source bigdata_env</strong></p>
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</li><li id="mrs_01_24377__ldb284e6385c84600ad3f1461ac3c91af">If Kerberos authentication is enabled for the current cluster, run the following command to authenticate the current user. If Kerberos authentication is disabled for the current cluster, skip this step.<ol class="substepthirdol" id="mrs_01_24377__ol1161741492317"><li id="mrs_01_24377__li19489192617252">Run the following command first for an MRS 3.1.0 cluster:<p id="mrs_01_24377__p2435102717257"><a name="mrs_01_24377__li19489192617252"></a><a name="li19489192617252"></a><strong id="mrs_01_24377__b5766124418552">export CLICKHOUSE_SECURITY_ENABLED=true</strong></p>
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</li><li id="mrs_01_24377__li10131141216232"><strong id="mrs_01_24377__b142671951243">kinit</strong> <em id="mrs_01_24377__i1826715562410">Component service user</em></li></ol>
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</li></ol>
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</p></li><li id="mrs_01_24377__li133267241488"><a name="mrs_01_24377__li133267241488"></a><a name="li133267241488"></a><span>Run the following command to create a Kafka topic. For details, see <a href="mrs_01_0376.html">Managing Kafka Topics</a>.</span><p><p id="mrs_01_24377__p14145172115102"><strong id="mrs_01_24377__b6144122111019">kafka-topics.sh --topic </strong><em id="mrs_01_24377__i1614410219104">kafkacktest2</em><strong id="mrs_01_24377__b1640218458180"> --create --zookeeper </strong><em id="mrs_01_24377__i187181045141814">IP address of the Zookeeper role instance:2181</em><strong id="mrs_01_24377__b69221579182">/kafka --partitions </strong><em id="mrs_01_24377__i815065821813">2</em><strong id="mrs_01_24377__b2544151918"> --replication-factor </strong><em id="mrs_01_24377__i1829915119197">1</em></p>
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<div class="note" id="mrs_01_24377__note89954191169"><img src="public_sys-resources/note_3.0-en-us.png"><span class="notetitle"> </span><div class="notebody"><ul id="mrs_01_24377__ul11980747191617"><li id="mrs_01_24377__li1398016476167"><strong id="mrs_01_24377__b260521084220">--topic</strong> is the name of the topic to be created, for example, <strong id="mrs_01_24377__b14380195504211">kafkacktest2</strong>.</li><li id="mrs_01_24377__li185131253175"><strong id="mrs_01_24377__b1825292964314">--zookeeper</strong> is the IP address of the node where the ZooKeeper role instances are located, which can be the IP address of any of the three role instances. You can obtain the IP address of the node by performing the following steps:<ul id="mrs_01_24377__ul13909139407"><li id="mrs_01_24377__li79081534404">For versions earlier than MRS 3.x, click the cluster name to go to the cluster details page and choose <strong id="mrs_01_24377__b67635755122219">Components</strong> > <strong id="mrs_01_24377__b124864935322219">ZooKeeper</strong> > <strong id="mrs_01_24377__b132541076422219">Instances</strong>. View the IP addresses of the ZooKeeper role instances.</li><li id="mrs_01_24377__li1490812317405">For MRS 3.<em id="mrs_01_24377__i89808883122219">x</em> or later, log in to FusionInsight Manager. For details, see <a href="mrs_01_2124.html">Accessing FusionInsight Manager (MRS 3.x or Later)</a>. Choose <strong id="mrs_01_24377__b98596100822219">Cluster</strong> > <em id="mrs_01_24377__i158112505722219">Name of the desired cluster</em> > <strong id="mrs_01_24377__b153309818622219">Services</strong> > <strong id="mrs_01_24377__b52908588422219">ZooKeeper</strong> > <strong id="mrs_01_24377__b2951614322219">Instance</strong>. View the IP addresses of the ZooKeeper role instances.</li></ul>
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</li><li id="mrs_01_24377__li72141727171916"><strong id="mrs_01_24377__b5287203618193">--partitions</strong> and <strong id="mrs_01_24377__b0772194210196">--replication-factor</strong> are the topic partitions and topic backup replicas, respectively. The number of the two parameters cannot exceed the number of Kafka role instances.</li></ul>
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</div></div>
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</p></li><li id="mrs_01_24377__li64680261586"><a name="mrs_01_24377__li64680261586"></a><a name="li64680261586"></a><span>Log in to the ClickHouse client by referring to <a href="mrs_01_2345.html">Using ClickHouse from Scratch</a>.</span><p><ol type="a" id="mrs_01_24377__ol169281813713"><li id="mrs_01_24377__li4269903251">Run the following command to go to the client installation directory:<p id="mrs_01_24377__p1526916017259"><a name="mrs_01_24377__li4269903251"></a><a name="li4269903251"></a><strong id="mrs_01_24377__b426990122515">cd /opt/Bigdata/client</strong></p>
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</li><li id="mrs_01_24377__li172699012517">Run the following command to configure environment variables:<p id="mrs_01_24377__p172694017259"><a name="mrs_01_24377__li172699012517"></a><a name="li172699012517"></a><strong id="mrs_01_24377__b16269180122520">source bigdata_env</strong></p>
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</li><li id="mrs_01_24377__li1910333418475">If Kerberos authentication is enabled for the current cluster, run the following command to authenticate the current user. The user must have the permission to create ClickHouse tables. Therefore, you need to bind the corresponding role to the user. For details, see <a href="mrs_01_24057.html">ClickHouse User and Permission Management</a>. If Kerberos authentication is disabled for the current cluster, skip this step.<p id="mrs_01_24377__p137512579492"><strong id="mrs_01_24377__b1520521045010">kinit</strong> <em id="mrs_01_24377__i1133611425013">Component service user</em></p>
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<p id="mrs_01_24377__p77201452184920">Example: <strong id="mrs_01_24377__b61553404501">kinit clickhouseuser</strong></p>
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</li><li id="mrs_01_24377__li1938193031911">Run the following command to connect to the ClickHouse instance node to which data is to be imported:<p id="mrs_01_24377__p1066265819518"><a name="mrs_01_24377__li1938193031911"></a><a name="li1938193031911"></a><strong id="mrs_01_24377__b466212582052">clickhouse client --host </strong><em id="mrs_01_24377__i66627583513">IP address of the ClickHouse instance</em><strong id="mrs_01_24377__b12662258353"> --user </strong><em id="mrs_01_24377__i266214581350">Login username</em><strong id="mrs_01_24377__b106624581951"> --password </strong><strong id="mrs_01_24377__b966214581852">--port </strong><em id="mrs_01_24377__i7662125816516">ClickHouse port number</em> <strong id="mrs_01_24377__b66622581658">--database</strong> <em id="mrs_01_24377__i2662175812517">Database name</em> <strong id="mrs_01_24377__b1266265812518">--multiline</strong></p>
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<p id="mrs_01_24377__p11709323124611"><em id="mrs_01_24377__i125721854115615">Enter the user password.</em></p>
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</li></ol>
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</p></li><li id="mrs_01_24377__li77157332408"><span>Create a Kafka table in ClickHouse by referring to <a href="#mrs_01_24377__section10908164973416">Syntax of the Kafka Table</a>. For example, the following table creation statement is used to create a Kafka table whose name is <strong id="mrs_01_24377__b97701039175618">kafka_src_tbl3</strong>, topic name is <strong id="mrs_01_24377__b198341844175616">kafkacktest2</strong>, and message format is <strong id="mrs_01_24377__b453215017561">JSONEachRow</strong> in the default database.</span><p><pre class="screen" id="mrs_01_24377__screen13811826467">create table kafka_src_tbl3 on cluster default_cluster
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(id UInt32, age UInt32, msg String)
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ENGINE=Kafka()
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SETTINGS
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kafka_broker_list='<em id="mrs_01_24377__i11652845114716">IP address 1 of the Kafka broker instance</em>:<strong id="mrs_01_24377__b2652164515471">9092</strong>,<em id="mrs_01_24377__i11653124517473">IP address 2 of the Kafka broker instance</em>:<strong id="mrs_01_24377__b176538451472">9092</strong>,<em id="mrs_01_24377__i1765334544711">IP address 3 of the Kafka broker instance</em>:<strong id="mrs_01_24377__b13654154514719">9092</strong>',
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kafka_topic_list='kafkacktest2',
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kafka_group_name='cg12',
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kafka_format='JSONEachRow';</pre>
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</p></li><li id="mrs_01_24377__li48111221462"><span>Create a ClickHouse replicated table, for example, the ReplicatedMergeTree table named <strong id="mrs_01_24377__b12361815135918">kafka_dest_tbl3</strong>.</span><p><pre class="screen" id="mrs_01_24377__screen16529191124819">create table kafka_dest_tbl3 on cluster default_cluster
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( id UInt32, age UInt32, msg String )
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engine = ReplicatedMergeTree('/clickhouse/tables/{shard}/default/kafka_dest_tbl3', '{replica}')
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partition by age
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order by id;</pre>
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</p></li><li id="mrs_01_24377__li205294154818"><span>Create a materialized view, which converts data in Kafka in the background and saves the data to the created ClickHouse table.</span><p><pre class="screen" id="mrs_01_24377__screen1497854885117">create materialized view consumer3 on cluster default_cluster to kafka_dest_tbl3 as select * from kafka_src_tbl3;</pre>
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</p></li><li id="mrs_01_24377__li11978204855116"><span>Perform <a href="#mrs_01_24377__li58847364569">1</a> again to go to the Kafka client installation directory.</span></li><li id="mrs_01_24377__li8171337135320"><span>Run the following command to send a message to the topic created in <a href="#mrs_01_24377__li133267241488">2</a>:</span><p><div class="p" id="mrs_01_24377__p16201623155715"><strong id="mrs_01_24377__b1089354123119">kafka-console-producer.sh --broker-list </strong><em id="mrs_01_24377__i290518433117">IP address 1 of the kafka broker instance</em><strong id="mrs_01_24377__b97522893111">:9092,</strong><em id="mrs_01_24377__i107611988314">IP address 2 of the kafka broker instance</em><strong id="mrs_01_24377__b3592717173111">:9092,</strong><em id="mrs_01_24377__i660119178319">IP address 3 of the kafka broker instance</em><strong id="mrs_01_24377__b18592917133110">:9092 </strong><strong id="mrs_01_24377__b13620823175713"> --topic </strong><em id="mrs_01_24377__i19620223125719">kafkacktest2</em><pre class="screen" id="mrs_01_24377__screen1662020234579">>{"id":31, "age":30, "msg":"31 years old"}
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>{"id":32, "age":30, "msg":"31 years old"}
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>{"id":33, "age":30, "msg":"31 years old"}
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>{"id":35, "age":30, "msg":"31 years old"}</pre>
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</div>
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</p></li><li id="mrs_01_24377__li86201623175710"><span>Use the ClickHouse client to log in to the ClickHouse instance node in <a href="#mrs_01_24377__li64680261586">3</a> and query the ClickHouse table data, for example, to query the replicated table <strong id="mrs_01_24377__b79981226431">kafka_dest_tbl3</strong>. It shows that the data in the Kafka message has been synchronized to this table.</span><p><pre class="screen" id="mrs_01_24377__screen107761243509">select * from kafka_dest_tbl3;</pre>
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<p id="mrs_01_24377__p14529540172510"><span><img id="mrs_01_24377__image11284041182517" src="en-us_image_0000001437950709.png"></span></p>
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</p></li></ol>
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</div>
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<p id="mrs_01_24377__p8060118"></p>
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</div>
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<div>
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<div class="familylinks">
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<div class="parentlink"><strong>Parent topic:</strong> <a href="mrs_01_24250.html">Migrating ClickHouse Data</a></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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