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Lu, Huayi ef0ada5a59 DWS DEV 20240716 version 
Reviewed-by: Pruthi, Vineet <vineet.pruthi@t-systems.com>
Co-authored-by: Lu, Huayi <luhuayi@huawei.com>
Co-committed-by: Lu, Huayi <luhuayi@huawei.com>
2024-11-02 09:07:47 +00:00

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<a name="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248"></a><a name="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248"></a>
<h1 class="topictitle1">Date and Time Functions</h1>
<div id="body0000001503323521"><div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section5554191145815"><h4 class="sectiontitle">age(timestamp, timestamp)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p855491114587">Description: Subtracts arguments and returns the difference. If the result is negative, the returned result is also negative.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p9554211125820">Return type: interval</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p12554151120586">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen6554151112586"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">age</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">timestamp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'2001-04-10'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">timestamp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'1957-06-13'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">age</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">-------------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">43</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">years</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">9</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mons</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">27</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">days</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section1646778185817"><h4 class="sectiontitle">age(timestamp)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p1046715817584">Description: Subtracts the argument from the current date.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p17467128195812">Return type: interval</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p1646713895817">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen9467208105810"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">age</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">timestamp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'1957-06-13'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">age</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">-------------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">60</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">years</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mons</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">18</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">days</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section5485357588"><a name="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section5485357588"></a><a name="section5485357588"></a><h4 class="sectiontitle">adddate(date, interval | int)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p5481552582">Description: Returns the result of a given datetime plus the time interval of a specified unit. The default unit is day (when the second parameter is an integer).</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p19481205195820">Return type: timestamp</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p14481115135816">Example:</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p848119514589">When the input parameter is of the text type:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen18483853581"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal"> 1</span>
<span class="normal"> 2</span>
<span class="normal"> 3</span>
<span class="normal"> 4</span>
<span class="normal"> 5</span>
<span class="normal"> 6</span>
<span class="normal"> 7</span>
<span class="normal"> 8</span>
<span class="normal"> 9</span>
<span class="normal">10</span>
<span class="normal">11</span>
<span class="normal">12</span>
<span class="normal">13</span>
<span class="normal">14</span>
<span class="normal">15</span>
<span class="normal">16</span>
<span class="normal">17</span>
<span class="normal">18</span>
<span class="normal">19</span>
<span class="normal">20</span>
<span class="normal">21</span>
<span class="normal">22</span>
<span class="normal">23</span>
<span class="normal">24</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">select</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adddate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'2020-11-13'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adddate</span>
<span class="c1">------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2020</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">11</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">23</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">select</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adddate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'2020-11-13'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">interval</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'1'</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">month</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adddate</span>
<span class="c1">------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2020</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">12</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">13</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">select</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adddate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'2020-11-13 12:15:16'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">interval</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'1'</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">month</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adddate</span>
<span class="c1">---------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2020</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">12</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">13</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">12</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">15</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">16</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">select</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adddate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'2020-11-13'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">interval</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'1'</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">minute</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adddate</span>
<span class="c1">---------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2020</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">11</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">13</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">01</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p1348316565818">When the input parameter is of the date type:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen14485165155811"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal"> 1</span>
<span class="normal"> 2</span>
<span class="normal"> 3</span>
<span class="normal"> 4</span>
<span class="normal"> 5</span>
<span class="normal"> 6</span>
<span class="normal"> 7</span>
<span class="normal"> 8</span>
<span class="normal"> 9</span>
<span class="normal">10</span>
<span class="normal">11</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">select</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adddate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">current_date</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adddate</span>
<span class="c1">------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2021</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">09</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">24</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">select</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adddate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">date</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'2020-11-13'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">interval</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'1'</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">month</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">adddate</span>
<span class="c1">---------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2020</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">12</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">13</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section1599418589575"><h4 class="sectiontitle">addtime(timestamp | time | text, interval | text)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p1699375865713">Description: Returns the result of a given datetime plus the time interval of a specified unit. This function is supported by version 8.2.0 or later clusters.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p9993758125710">Return type: same as the type of the first input parameter.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p19993165815573">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen299411588575"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">select</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">addtime</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'2020-11-13 01:01:01'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'23:59:59'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">addtime</span>
<span class="c1">---------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2020</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">11</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">14</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">01</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">01</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section2345185695713"><a name="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section2345185695713"></a><a name="section2345185695713"></a><h4 class="sectiontitle">subdate(date, interval | int)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p153434567579">Description: Returns the result of a given datetime minus the time interval of a specified unit. The default unit is day (when the second parameter is an integer).</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p17343165613570">Return type: timestamp</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p10343165612578">Example:</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p163431562572">When the input parameter is of the text type:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen934475655717"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal"> 1</span>
<span class="normal"> 2</span>
<span class="normal"> 3</span>
<span class="normal"> 4</span>
<span class="normal"> 5</span>
<span class="normal"> 6</span>
<span class="normal"> 7</span>
<span class="normal"> 8</span>
<span class="normal"> 9</span>
<span class="normal">10</span>
<span class="normal">11</span>
<span class="normal">12</span>
<span class="normal">13</span>
<span class="normal">14</span>
<span class="normal">15</span>
<span class="normal">16</span>
<span class="normal">17</span>
<span class="normal">18</span>
<span class="normal">19</span>
<span class="normal">20</span>
<span class="normal">21</span>
<span class="normal">22</span>
<span class="normal">23</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">select</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">subdate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'2020-11-13'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">subdate</span>
<span class="c1">------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2020</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">11</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">03</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">select</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">subdate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'2020-11-13'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">interval</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'2'</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">month</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">subdate</span>
<span class="c1">------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2020</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">09</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">13</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">select</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">subdate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'2020-11-13 12:15:16'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">interval</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'1'</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">month</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">subdate</span>
<span class="c1">---------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2020</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">13</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">12</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">15</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">16</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">select</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">subdate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'2020-11-13'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">interval</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'2'</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">minute</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">subdate</span>
<span class="c1">---------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2020</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">11</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">12</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">23</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">58</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p19344205655715">When the input parameter is of the date type:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen73451056115713"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal"> 1</span>
<span class="normal"> 2</span>
<span class="normal"> 3</span>
<span class="normal"> 4</span>
<span class="normal"> 5</span>
<span class="normal"> 6</span>
<span class="normal"> 7</span>
<span class="normal"> 8</span>
<span class="normal"> 9</span>
<span class="normal">10</span>
<span class="normal">11</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">select</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">subdate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">current_date</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">subdate</span>
<span class="c1">------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2021</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">09</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">05</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">select</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">subdate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">current_date</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">interval</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'1'</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">month</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">subdate</span>
<span class="c1">---------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2021</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">08</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">15</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section6187184914578"><h4 class="sectiontitle">subtime(timestamp | time | text, interval | text)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p2186149125715">Description: Returns the result of a given datetime minus the time interval of a specified unit. This function is supported by version 8.2.0 or later clusters.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p1186849125719">Return type: same as the type of the first input parameter.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p71861749145712">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen11187349105720"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">select</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">subtime</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'2020-11-13 01:01:01'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'23:59:59'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">addtime</span>
<span class="c1">---------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2020</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">11</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">12</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">01</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">01</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">02</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section1556074615572"><h4 class="sectiontitle">date_add(date, interval)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p1656074645713">Description: Returns the result of a given datetime plus the time interval of a specified unit. It is equivalent to <a href="#EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section5485357588">adddate(date, interval | int)</a>.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p1256014465573">Return type: timestamp</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section11590154335710"><h4 class="sectiontitle">date_sub(date, interval)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p859016435573">Description: Returns the result of a given datetime minus the time interval of a specified unit. It is equivalent to <a href="#EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section2345185695713">subdate(date, interval | int)</a>.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p125901438571">Return type: timestamp</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section124754095716"><h4 class="sectiontitle">timestampadd(field, numeric, timestamp)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p7246140185717">Description: Adds an integer interval in the unit of <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__b601340185102038">field</strong> (the number of seconds can be a decimal) to a datetime expression. If the value is negative, the corresponding time interval is subtracted from the given datetime expression. The <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__b183733528102038">field</strong> can be <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__b186630747102038">year</strong>, <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__b1996069994102038">month</strong>, <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__b705680596102038">quarter</strong>, <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__b1006766016102038">day</strong>, <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__b1232733953102038">week</strong>, <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__b1943718024102038">hour</strong>, <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__b656874323102038">minute</strong>, <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__b196551792102038">second</strong>, or <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__b317487112102038">microsecond</strong>.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p124618404571">Return type: timestamp</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p1724614010571">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen3247440185719"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal"> 1</span>
<span class="normal"> 2</span>
<span class="normal"> 3</span>
<span class="normal"> 4</span>
<span class="normal"> 5</span>
<span class="normal"> 6</span>
<span class="normal"> 7</span>
<span class="normal"> 8</span>
<span class="normal"> 9</span>
<span class="normal">10</span>
<span class="normal">11</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">select</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">timestampadd</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">year</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">timestamp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'2020-2-29'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">timestampadd</span>
<span class="c1">---------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2021</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">02</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">28</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">select</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">timestampadd</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">second</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">354156</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">timestamp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'2020-11-13'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">timestampadd</span>
<span class="c1">----------------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2020</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">11</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">13</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">02</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">354156</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section180353655719"><h4 class="sectiontitle">timestampdiff(field, timestamp1, timestamp2)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p0803103625718">Description: Subtracts <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__b1752149766102038">timestamp1</strong> from <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__b1321005998102038">timestamp2</strong> and returns the difference in the unit of <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__b275287153102038">field</strong>. If the difference is negative, this function returns it normally. The <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__b112916564578">field</strong> can be <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__b1712955613576">year</strong>, <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__b61294568574">month</strong>, <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__b413035619579">quarter</strong>, <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__b71301056105717">day</strong>, <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__b71301156185719">week</strong>, <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__b513015645715">hour</strong>, <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__b213175615717">minute</strong>, <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__b101315561575">second</strong>, or <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__b151311356135713">microsecond</strong>.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p48035362573">Return type: bigint</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p2803103615714">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen15803173665716"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">timestampdiff</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">day</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">timestamp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'2001-02-01'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">timestamp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'2003-05-01 12:05:55'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">timestampdiff</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">---------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">819</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section169068337572"><h4 class="sectiontitle">timediff(timestamp | time | text, timestamp | time | text)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p13906123365719">Description: Subtracts a date from another date. If the difference is negative, this function returns it normally. The types of the two input parameters must be the same. This function is supported by version 8.2.0 or later clusters.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p189065339574">Return type: time</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p39062333572">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen69066338571"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">timediff</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'2022-7-5 1:1:1'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'2021-7-5 1:1:1'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">timediff</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">---------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">8760</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section16306173145714"><h4 class="sectiontitle">clock_timestamp()</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p93065316579">Description: Returns the current timestamp of the real-time clock.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p1530693175720">Return type: timestamp with time zone</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p23060317578">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen5306131185716"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">clock_timestamp</span><span class="p">();</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">clock_timestamp</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">-------------------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2017</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">09</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">01</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">16</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">57</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">36</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">636205</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">08</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section346892875718"><h4 class="sectiontitle">current_date</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p1846862819578">Description: Returns the current date.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p5468112815716">Return type: date</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p7468122875719">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen11468628165715"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">current_date</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">date</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2017</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">09</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">01</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section7383172465718"><h4 class="sectiontitle">curdate()</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p4382112465719">Description: Returns the current date. This function is compatible with MySQL. This function is supported by version 8.2.0 or later clusters.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p183821524155716">Return type: date</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p5382202416572">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen4383112495719"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">curdate</span><span class="p">();</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">curdate</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2022</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">09</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">19</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section83901821145715"><h4 class="sectiontitle">current_time</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p1639010211574">Description: Returns the current time.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p163907210573">Return type: time with time zone</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p4390221155718">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen173901721155715"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">current_time</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">timetz</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">--------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">16</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">58</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">07</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">086215</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">08</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section25941215155714"><h4 class="sectiontitle">curtime([fsp])</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p9593201525711">Description: Returns the current time. <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__b1871134310012">fsp</strong> is an optional parameter. Its value is an integer, which indicates the precision of the returned result. This function is supported by version 8.2.0 or later clusters.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p13593415155710">Return type: time with time zone</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p18593915155712">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen105941115105710"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal"> 1</span>
<span class="normal"> 2</span>
<span class="normal"> 3</span>
<span class="normal"> 4</span>
<span class="normal"> 5</span>
<span class="normal"> 6</span>
<span class="normal"> 7</span>
<span class="normal"> 8</span>
<span class="normal"> 9</span>
<span class="normal">10</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">curtime</span><span class="p">();</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">timetz</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">--------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">16</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">58</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">07</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">086215</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">08</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">curtime</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">timetz</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">--------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">16</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">58</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">07</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">08</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">08</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section1595531112571"><h4 class="sectiontitle">current_timestamp</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p8955411175710">Description: Returns the current date and time.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p1995511112577">Return type: timestamp with time zone</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p69551311165716">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen13955111155716"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">current_timestamp</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pg_systimestamp</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">------------------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2017</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">09</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">01</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">16</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">58</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">19</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">22173</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">08</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section199981454573"><h4 class="sectiontitle">convert_tz(timestamp, from_tz, to_tz)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p209981519576">Description: Converts the datetime value from the time zone provided by <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__b823104313316">from_tz</strong> (text) to the time zone provided by <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__b7243439336">to_tz</strong> (text), and returns the converted datetime. This function is supported by version 8.2.0 or later clusters.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p199815555713">Return type: timestamp without time zone</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p09988575711">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen5998195125715"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal"> 1</span>
<span class="normal"> 2</span>
<span class="normal"> 3</span>
<span class="normal"> 4</span>
<span class="normal"> 5</span>
<span class="normal"> 6</span>
<span class="normal"> 7</span>
<span class="normal"> 8</span>
<span class="normal"> 9</span>
<span class="normal">10</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">convert_tz</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'2018-12-25 13:25:00'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'+02:00'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'+08:00'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">convert_tz</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">--------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2018</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">12</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">25</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">19</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">25</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">convert_tz</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'2000-02-28 23:00:00'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'GMT'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'MET'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">convert_tz</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">--------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2000</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">02</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">29</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section1424572145716"><h4 class="sectiontitle">datediff(date1, date2)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p424515285710">Description: Returns the number of days between two given dates.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p1245122165712">Return type: integer</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p1245182135714">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen724513265718"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">select</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">datediff</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">date</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'2020-11-13'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">date</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'2012-10-16'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">datediff</span>
<span class="c1">----------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2950</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section54011759205613"><h4 class="sectiontitle">date_part(text, timestamp)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p114011859105614">Description: Obtains the precision specified by <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__b670664262">text</strong>.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p134011859185616">This function is equivalent to <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__b2017946175102038">extract(field from timestamp)</strong>.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p14401559185615">Return type: double precision</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p1401175910567">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen194019591565"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">date_part</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'hour'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">timestamp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'2001-02-16 20:38:40'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">date_part</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">-----------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">20</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section8307030165615"><h4 class="sectiontitle">date_part(text, interval)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p133071830185612">Description: Obtains the precision specified by <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__b163827552110380">text</strong>. If the value is greater than 12, the remainder of the value divided by 12 is returned.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p1430717307566">This function is equivalent to <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__b479473942">extract(field from timestamp)</strong>.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p1130773085619">Return type: double precision</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p1307163025618">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen1530723005612"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">date_part</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'month'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">interval</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'2 years 3 months'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">date_part</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">-----------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section102671275565"><h4 class="sectiontitle">date_trunc(text, timestamp)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p202661527175619">Description: Truncates a timestamp to the precision specified by <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__b8423527061825">text</strong>.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p15266192714568">Return type: timestamp</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p326652716561">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen162671427195617"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal"> 1</span>
<span class="normal"> 2</span>
<span class="normal"> 3</span>
<span class="normal"> 4</span>
<span class="normal"> 5</span>
<span class="normal"> 6</span>
<span class="normal"> 7</span>
<span class="normal"> 8</span>
<span class="normal"> 9</span>
<span class="normal">10</span>
<span class="normal">11</span>
<span class="normal">12</span>
<span class="normal">13</span>
<span class="normal">14</span>
<span class="normal">15</span>
<span class="normal">16</span>
<span class="normal">17</span>
<span class="normal">18</span>
<span class="normal">19</span>
<span class="normal">20</span>
<span class="normal">21</span>
<span class="normal">22</span>
<span class="normal">23</span>
<span class="normal">24</span>
<span class="normal">25</span>
<span class="normal">26</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">date_trunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'hour'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">timestamp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'2001-02-16 20:38:40'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">date_trunc</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">---------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2001</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">02</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">16</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">20</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1">-- Obtain the last day of last year.</span>
<span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">date_trunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'day'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">date_trunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'year'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="k">CURRENT_DATE</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'-1'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">date_trunc</span>
<span class="c1">------------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2022</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">12</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">31</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">00</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1">-- Obtain the first day of this year.</span>
<span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">date_trunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'year'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="k">CURRENT_DATE</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">date_trunc</span>
<span class="c1">------------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2023</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">01</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">01</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">00</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1">-- Obtain the first day of last year.</span>
<span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">date_trunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'year'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">now</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'-1 year'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">date_trunc</span>
<span class="c1">------------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2022</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">01</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">01</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">00</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section8731162365616"><h4 class="sectiontitle">trunc(timestamp)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p37305230562">Description: Truncates a timestamp to day.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p442185482012">Return type: timestamp</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p7730423105610">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen1573122313561"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">trunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">timestamp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'2001-02-16 20:38:40'</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">trunc</span>
<span class="c1">---------------------</span>
<span class="mi">2001</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">02</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">16</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section13984162017564"><h4 class="sectiontitle">extract(field from timestamp)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p198302012565">Description: Obtains the value of <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__b45820973010380">field</strong> with the specified precision. For details about the valid values of <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__b952114620511">field</strong>, see <a href="dws_06_0310.html">EXTRACT</a>.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p598312205561">Return type: double precision</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p1983162015616">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen1998410202565"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">extract</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hour</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">timestamp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'2001-02-16 20:38:40'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">date_part</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">-----------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">20</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section698615172563"><h4 class="sectiontitle">extract(field from interval)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p7986417135611">Description: Obtains the value of <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__b174102219710380">field</strong> with the specified precision. If the value is greater than 12, the remainder of the value divided by 12 is returned. For details about the valid values of <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__b1933941069">field</strong>, see <a href="dws_06_0310.html">EXTRACT</a>.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p189861717155618">Return type: double precision</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p998671775614">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen1998614178562"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">extract</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">month</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">interval</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'2 years 3 months'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">date_part</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">-----------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section5432141514561"><h4 class="sectiontitle">day(date)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p1432111515566">Description: Returns the number of days in the month in which <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__b11331556151018">date</strong> is located. This function is the same as the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__b434135671011">dayofmonth</strong> function.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p15432315115620">Value range: 1 to 31</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p94325154567">Return type: integer</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p16432131515568">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen1243210157561"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">select</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">day</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'2020-06-28'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">day</span>
<span class="c1">-----</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">28</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section12631211105616"><h4 class="sectiontitle">dayofmonth(date)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p226214111567">Description: Returns the number of days in the month in which <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__b1356412182119">date</strong> is located.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p226271185618">Value range: 1 to 31</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p426221114563">Return type: integer</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p15262191113569">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen1263711165614"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">select</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dayofmonth</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'2020-06-28'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dayofmonth</span>
<span class="c1">------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">28</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section74827810567"><h4 class="sectiontitle">dayofweek(date)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p10481168135613">Description: Returns the week index corresponding to the given date, with Sunday as the start day of the week.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p114818816561">Value range: 1 to 7</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p14481118115612">Return type: integer</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p11481178175616">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen144821818562"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">select</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dayofweek</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'2020-11-22'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dayofweek</span>
<span class="c1">-----------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section3547358566"><h4 class="sectiontitle">dayofyear(date)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p195472565614">Description: Returns the number of days of a given date in the current year.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p1254713565614">Value range: 1 to 366</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p1154713515616">Return type: integer</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p5547175135612">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen175473515611"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">select</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dayofyear</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'2020-02-29'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dayofyear</span>
<span class="c1">-----------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">60</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section186601427569"><h4 class="sectiontitle">hour(timestamp with time zone)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p12659126565">Description: Returns the hour value in a timestamp.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p1065914215563">Return type: integer</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p8659102165611">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen1466082115618"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hour</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">timestamptz</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'2018-12-13 12:11:15+06'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hour</span>
<span class="c1">------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">6</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section19578115919559"><h4 class="sectiontitle">isfinite(date)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p17577195916558">Description: Checks whether a date is valid.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p18578155912558">Return type: <span id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__text6910249111215">boolean</span></p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p195781059205514">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen16578135912559"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal"> 1</span>
<span class="normal"> 2</span>
<span class="normal"> 3</span>
<span class="normal"> 4</span>
<span class="normal"> 5</span>
<span class="normal"> 6</span>
<span class="normal"> 7</span>
<span class="normal"> 8</span>
<span class="normal"> 9</span>
<span class="normal">10</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">isfinite</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">date</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'2001-02-16'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">isfinite</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">----------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">isfinite</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">date</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'infinity'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">isfinite</span>
<span class="c1">----------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">f</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section5857195655513"><h4 class="sectiontitle">isfinite(timestamp)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p28561856185511">Description: Checks whether a timestamp is valid.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p88571556175520">Return type: <span id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__text134091148171311">boolean</span></p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p78577569551">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen13857185610557"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal"> 1</span>
<span class="normal"> 2</span>
<span class="normal"> 3</span>
<span class="normal"> 4</span>
<span class="normal"> 5</span>
<span class="normal"> 6</span>
<span class="normal"> 7</span>
<span class="normal"> 8</span>
<span class="normal"> 9</span>
<span class="normal">10</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">isfinite</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">timestamp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'2001-02-16 21:28:30'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">isfinite</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">----------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">isfinite</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">timestamp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'infinity'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">isfinite</span>
<span class="c1">----------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">f</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section13251105395512"><h4 class="sectiontitle">isfinite(interval)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p4250135319557">Description: Checks whether an interval is valid.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p62501253185510">Return type: <span id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__text8250185318558">boolean</span></p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p7250205325512">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen625155316558"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">isfinite</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">interval</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'4 hours'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">isfinite</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">----------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section9353185020554"><h4 class="sectiontitle">justify_days(interval)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p173531650175515">Description: Adjusts an interval so that 30-day time periods are represented as months.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p11353125014557">Return type: interval</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p13531750125514">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen7353105015515"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">justify_days</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">interval</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'35 days'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">justify_days</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">--------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mon</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">days</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section9897647125518"><h4 class="sectiontitle">justify_hours(interval)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p148964477559">Description: Adjusts an interval so that 24-hour time periods are represented as days.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p589610472557">Return type: interval</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p2896174716559">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen19897134785517"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">JUSTIFY_HOURS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">INTERVAL</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'27 HOURS'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">justify_hours</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">----------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">day</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">03</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section123652457550"><h4 class="sectiontitle">justify_interval(interval)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p93654456558">Description: Adjusts an interval using <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__b1635173051102038">justify_days</strong> and <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__b1403030016102038">justify_hours</strong>.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p13365104512550">Return type: interval</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p5365174595511">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen1936524565519"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">JUSTIFY_INTERVAL</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">INTERVAL</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'1 MON -1 HOUR'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">justify_interval</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">29</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">days</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">23</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section19891164265518"><h4 class="sectiontitle">localtime</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p2891342195516">Description: Returns the current time.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p168918421559">Return type: time</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p148914427558">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen589104295514"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">localtime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">RESULT</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">result</span>
<span class="c1">----------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">16</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">05</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">55</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">664681</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section32161140195516"><h4 class="sectiontitle">localtimestamp</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p621510405551">Description: Returns the current date and time.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p521524014556">Return type: timestamp</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p921544017551">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen72161640135513"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">localtimestamp</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">timestamp</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">----------------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2017</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">09</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">01</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">17</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">03</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">30</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">781902</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section12161037205516"><h4 class="sectiontitle">makedate(year, dayofyear)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p216117371551">Description: Returns a date value based on the given year and the number of days in a year.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p16161837105518">Return type: date</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p16161133725514">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen101615377559"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">select</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">makedate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2020</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">60</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">makedate</span>
<span class="c1">------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2020</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">02</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">29</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section11544113475511"><h4 class="sectiontitle">maketime(hour, minute, second)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p35431634175519">Description: Returns a value of the time type based on the given hour, minute, and second. The value of the time type in <span id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__text690540710102038">GaussDB(DWS)</span> ranges from 00:00:00 to 24:00:00. Therefore, this function is not available when the value of hour is greater than 24 or less than 0.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p16544113405513">Return type: time</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p95441434125511">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen5544834195516"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">select</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">maketime</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">12</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">15</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">30</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">12</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">maketime</span>
<span class="c1">-------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">12</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">15</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">30</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">12</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section2416103012559"><h4 class="sectiontitle">microsecond(timestamp with time zone)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p1241673025511">Description: Returns the microsecond value in the time.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p154161930135511">Return type: integer</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p14416193011551">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen3416830205513"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">microsecond</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">timestamptz</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'2018-12-13 12:11:15.123634+06'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">microsecond</span>
<span class="c1">-------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">123634</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section1468172718553"><h4 class="sectiontitle">minute(timestamp with time zone)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p4680192795510">Description: Returns the minute value in the time.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p2068015278555">Return type: integer</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p18680122715554">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen5681132717555"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">minute</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">timestamptz</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'2018-12-13 12:11:15+06'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">minute</span>
<span class="c1">--------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">11</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section13503024165517"><h4 class="sectiontitle">month(date)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p650372445512">Description: Returns the month of a given datetime.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p4503324195517">Return type: integer</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p6503524195515">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen950382419555"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">select</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">month</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'2020-11-30'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">month</span>
<span class="c1">-------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">11</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section196965211550"><h4 class="sectiontitle">now([fsp])</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p36950218556">Description: Returns the start time of the transaction. The parameter determines the microsecond output precision. The default value is <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__b1534223066102038">6</strong>.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p1969512110554">Return type: timestamp with time zone</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p1169511217559">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen15695921185510"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">now</span><span class="p">();</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">now</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">-------------------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2017</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">09</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">01</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">17</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">03</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">42</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">549426</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">08</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen1169615217559"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">now</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">now</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">---------------------------- </span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2021</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">09</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">08</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">59</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">427</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">08</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section63941218165516"><h4 class="sectiontitle">numtodsinterval(num, interval_unit)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p1639318189552">Description: Converts a number to an interval. <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__b84235270620148">num</strong> is a numeric-typed number. <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__b8423527062028">interval_unit</strong> is a string in the following format: 'DAY' | 'HOUR' | 'MINUTE' | 'SECOND'</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p1639316183553">You can set the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__b12663102311215">IntervalStyle</strong> parameter to <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__b176641023122117">oracle</strong> to be compatible with the interval output format of the function in the Oracle database.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p5393218105514">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen143940180557"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal"> 1</span>
<span class="normal"> 2</span>
<span class="normal"> 3</span>
<span class="normal"> 4</span>
<span class="normal"> 5</span>
<span class="normal"> 6</span>
<span class="normal"> 7</span>
<span class="normal"> 8</span>
<span class="normal"> 9</span>
<span class="normal">10</span>
<span class="normal">11</span>
<span class="normal">12</span>
<span class="normal">13</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numtodsinterval</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'HOUR'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numtodsinterval</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">-----------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">SET</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">intervalstyle</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">oracle</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">SET</span>
<span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numtodsinterval</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'HOUR'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numtodsinterval</span>
<span class="c1">-------------------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">000000004</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">04</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">000000000</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section596101465516"><h4 class="sectiontitle">pg_sleep(seconds)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p3960121419554">Description: Returns the delay of the server thread in seconds.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p149601414125518">Return type: void</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p4961101416554">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen59611914185518"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pg_sleep</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pg_sleep</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">----------</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section14401912125515"><h4 class="sectiontitle">period_add(P, N)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p204011211557">Description: Returns the date of a given period plus <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__i1132510313229">N</em> months.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p440161275516">Return type: integer</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p8401612175511">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen7408124558"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">select</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">period_add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">200801</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">period_add</span>
<span class="c1">------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">200803</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section9345199557"><h4 class="sectiontitle">period_diff(P1, P2)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p734419917555">Description: Returns the number of months between two given dates.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p2344179165510">Return type: integer</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen1634519912550"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">select</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">period_diff</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">200802</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">200703</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">period_diff</span>
<span class="c1">-------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">11</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section93761962559"><h4 class="sectiontitle">quarter(date)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p18375136195518">Description: Returns the quarter to which the date belongs.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p237612645520">Return type: integer</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p1837615615515">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen83763615556"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">quarter</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">date</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'2018-12-13'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">quarter</span>
<span class="c1">---------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section172248313558"><h4 class="sectiontitle">second(timestamp with time zone)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p1022313335511">Description: Returns the second in a timestamp.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p15223935552">Return type: integer</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p02246375514">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen32241315514"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">second</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">timestamptz</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'2018-12-13 12:11:15+06'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">second</span>
<span class="c1">--------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">15</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section9466504557"><h4 class="sectiontitle">statement_timestamp()</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p1246550145512">Description: Returns the current date and time.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p1046570105512">Return type: timestamp with time zone</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p2046511016557">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen1946619011552"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">statement_timestamp</span><span class="p">();</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">statement_timestamp</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">-------------------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2017</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">09</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">01</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">17</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">04</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">39</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">119267</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">08</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section5689157185410"><h4 class="sectiontitle">sysdate</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p2068915710540">Description: Returns the current date and time.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p768955785419">Return type: timestamp</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p16689195785419">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen36892577545"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">sysdate</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">sysdate</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">---------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2017</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">09</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">01</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">17</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">04</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">49</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section137791454205413"><h4 class="sectiontitle">timeofday()</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p14778165415541">Description: Current date and time (like <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__b842352706105217">clock_timestamp</strong>, but returned as a <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__b842352706105226">text</strong> string)</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p13778205415420">Return type: text</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p16779135425417">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen2779185435419"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">timeofday</span><span class="p">();</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">timeofday</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">-------------------------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Fri</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Sep</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">01</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">17</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">05</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">01</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">167506</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2017</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">CST</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section541355185411"><h4 class="sectiontitle">transaction_timestamp()</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p15413751205418">Description: Returns the current date and time. This function is equivalent to <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__b1911680279102038">current_timestamp</strong>.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p641325117548">Return type: timestamp with time zone</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p114131451165418">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen1941355155410"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">transaction_timestamp</span><span class="p">();</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">transaction_timestamp</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">-------------------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2017</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">09</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">01</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">17</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">05</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">13</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">534454</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">08</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section1155016482545"><h4 class="sectiontitle">from_unixtime(unix_timestamp[,format])</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p6549164855410">Description: Converts a Unix timestamp to the datetime type when the format string is set to the default value. If the format string is specified, this function converts the Unix timestamp to a string of a specified format.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p1455012485547">Return type: timestamp (default format string) or text (specified format string)</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p10550154805414">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen185502048155411"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal"> 1</span>
<span class="normal"> 2</span>
<span class="normal"> 3</span>
<span class="normal"> 4</span>
<span class="normal"> 5</span>
<span class="normal"> 6</span>
<span class="normal"> 7</span>
<span class="normal"> 8</span>
<span class="normal"> 9</span>
<span class="normal">10</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">from_unixtime</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">875996580</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">from_unixtime</span>
<span class="c1">---------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1997</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">04</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">20</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">23</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">from_unixtime</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">875996580</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'%Y %D %M %h:%i:%s'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">from_unixtime</span>
<span class="c1">---------------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1997</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="n">th</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">October</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">08</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">23</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section373415443542"><h4 class="sectiontitle">unix_timestamp([timestamp with time zone])</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p107338448544">Description: Returns the number of seconds from <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__b1498783212256">'1970-01-01 00:00:00'UTC</strong> to the timestamp specified by the input parameter. If no parameter is input, this function obtains the number of seconds from <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__b1038121270">'1970-01-01 00:00:00'UTC</strong> to the current time.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p373311447547">Return type: bigint (no parameter is input) or numeric (parameter is input)</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p7733114405410">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen18733124414544"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">unix_timestamp</span><span class="p">();</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">unix_timestamp</span>
<span class="c1">----------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1693906219</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen9734114495418"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">unix_timestamp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'2018-09-08 12:11:13+06'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">unix_timestamp</span>
<span class="c1">----------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1536387073</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">000000</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section10654241125415"><h4 class="sectiontitle">add_months(d,n)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p365374112541">Description: Adds a specified number of months to a date.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p965374110549">Return type: timestamp</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p46531341145415">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen465444155412"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">add_months</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">to_date</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'2017-5-29'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'yyyy-mm-dd'</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">11</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dual</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">add_months</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">---------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2018</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">04</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">29</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section158077372545"><h4 class="sectiontitle">last_day(d)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p880773795410">Description: Returns the last day of the month of a specified date.</p>
<ul id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__ul28071237115414"><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__li178072037125419">In the ORA- or TD-compatible mode, a timestamp is returned.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__li188071737125416">In the MySQL-compatible mode, a date is returned.</li></ul>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p1380703710548">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen0807153765411"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">select</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">last_day</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">to_date</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'2017-01-01'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'YYYY-MM-DD'</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cal_result</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cal_result</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">---------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2017</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">01</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">31</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section9551335205418"><h4 class="sectiontitle">next_day(x,y)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p15563514543">Description: Returns a specified day of the next week of a given date.</p>
<ul id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__ul1855135125411"><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__li5551335195413">In the ORA- or TD-compatible mode, a timestamp is returned.</li><li id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__li65513516548">In the MySQL-compatible mode, a date is returned.</li></ul>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p1255133595410">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen95523511545"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">select</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">next_day</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">timestamp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'2017-05-25 00:00:00'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">'Sunday'</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cal_result</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cal_result</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">---------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2017</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">05</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">28</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section18837331135418"><h4 class="sectiontitle">from_days(days)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p1383433155411">Description: Returns the corresponding date value based on the given number of days.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p1083693118545">Return type: date</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p17836143113544">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen6837631115412"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">select</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">from_days</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">730669</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">from_days</span>
<span class="c1">------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2000</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">07</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">03</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__section940512825411"><h4 class="sectiontitle">to_days(timestamp)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p11404192815416">Description: Returns the number of days from the first day of year 0 to a specified date.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p4404112819544">Return type: integer</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__p7404152865420">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001460721248__screen1940562815546"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">to_days</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">timestamp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'2008-10-07'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">to_days</span>
<span class="c1">---------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">733687</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<div class="familylinks">
<div class="parentlink"><strong>Parent topic:</strong> <a href="dws_06_0035.html">Date and Time Processing Functions and Operators</a></div>
</div>
</div>
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