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<a name="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745"></a><a name="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745"></a>
<h1 class="topictitle1">JSON/JSONB Functions</h1>
<div id="body8662426"><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_a6f8018c2b2ef4002adf8fc296288c5c0">JSON/JSONB functions are used to generate JSON data (see <a href="dws_06_0020.html">JSON Types</a>).</p>
<div class="note" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_note21109155613"><img src="public_sys-resources/note_3.0-en-us.png"><span class="notetitle"> </span><div class="notebody"><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p73014201762">Except the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__b464793414405">array_to_json</strong> and <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__b1648143411402">row_to_json</strong> functions, other JSON/JSONB functions and operators are supported only in 8.1.2 or later.</p>
</div></div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section1149072218156"><h4 class="sectiontitle">array_to_json(anyarray [, pretty_bool])</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p1369862911154">Description: Returns the array as JSON. A multi-dimensional array becomes a JSON array of arrays. Line feeds will be added between dimension-1 elements if <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__b83017381611">pretty_bool</strong> is <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__b331638263">true</strong>.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p435453518156">Return type: json</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p36980298158">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen12826154114152"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">array_to_json</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'{{1,5},{99,100}}'</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">[]);</span>
<span class="n">array_to_json</span>
<span class="c1">------------------</span>
<span class="p">[[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">],[</span><span class="mi">99</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">]]</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section2445173169"><h4 class="sectiontitle">row_to_json(record [, pretty_bool])</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p3424167131615">Description: Returns the row as JSON. Line feeds will be added between level-1 elements if <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_b94396172093626">pretty_bool</strong> is <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_b50983657193626">true</strong>.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p1042447101611">Return type: json</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p1842487111613">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen24245718167"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">row_to_json</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">'foo'</span><span class="p">));</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">row_to_json</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">---------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="ss">&quot;f1&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="ss">&quot;f2&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="ss">&quot;foo&quot;</span><span class="err">}</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section173813215241"><h4 class="sectiontitle">json_agg(any)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p7729738112410">Description: Aggregates values into a JSON array.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p1172910384249">Return type: array-json</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p37291386245">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen1016421192416"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal"> 1</span>
<span class="normal"> 2</span>
<span class="normal"> 3</span>
<span class="normal"> 4</span>
<span class="normal"> 5</span>
<span class="normal"> 6</span>
<span class="normal"> 7</span>
<span class="normal"> 8</span>
<span class="normal"> 9</span>
<span class="normal">10</span>
<span class="normal">11</span>
<span class="normal">12</span>
<span class="normal">13</span>
<span class="normal">14</span>
<span class="normal">15</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">classes</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">name</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">score</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">-----+-------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">A</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">A</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">D</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">5</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">D</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">rows</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">name</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json_agg</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">score</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">score</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">classes</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">group</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">by</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">name</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">order</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">by</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">name</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">name</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">score</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">-----+-----------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">A</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">D</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">rows</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section719121215256"><h4 class="sectiontitle">json_object_agg(any, any)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p12995181115253">Description: Aggregates values into a JSON object.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p1899651102511">Return type: json</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p7996141102515">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen1599701113252"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal"> 1</span>
<span class="normal"> 2</span>
<span class="normal"> 3</span>
<span class="normal"> 4</span>
<span class="normal"> 5</span>
<span class="normal"> 6</span>
<span class="normal"> 7</span>
<span class="normal"> 8</span>
<span class="normal"> 9</span>
<span class="normal">10</span>
<span class="normal">11</span>
<span class="normal">12</span>
<span class="normal">13</span>
<span class="normal">14</span>
<span class="normal">15</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">classes</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">name</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">score</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">-----+-------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">A</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">A</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">D</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">5</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">D</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">rows</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="w"> </span>
<span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json_object_agg</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">score</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">classes</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">group</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">by</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">name</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">order</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">by</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">name</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json_object_agg</span>
<span class="c1">-------------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;A&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;A&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">}</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;D&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;D&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">}</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">rows</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section127617342251"><h4 class="sectiontitle">json_build_array(VARIADIC "any")</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p2074715346254">Description: Constructs a JSON array that may be of heterogeneous type from a variable parameter list.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p16747143416254">Return type: json</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p1974783412517">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen10747163462514"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json_build_array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">'3'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json_build_array</span>
<span class="c1">-------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;3&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section66311756192514"><h4 class="sectiontitle">json_build_object(VARIADIC "any")</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p7616105632512">Description: Constructs a JSON object from a variable parameter list. The parameter list consists of alternate keys and values. The number of input parameters must be an even number. Every two input parameters form a key-value pair. Note that the value of a key cannot be null.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p461645615255">Return type: json</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p1616156202516">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen1161665612255"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json_build_object</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'foo'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">'bar'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json_build_object</span>
<span class="c1">------------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="ss">&quot;foo&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;bar&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="err">}</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section852411375610"><h4 class="sectiontitle">json_object(text[]), json_object(text[], text[])</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p105841824115615">Description: Constructs a JSON object from a text array.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p1458510248561">This is an overloaded function. When the input parameter is a text array, the array length must be an even number, and members are considered alternate key-value pairs. When two text arrays are used, the first array is regarded as a key, and the second array is regarded as a value. The lengths of the two arrays must be the same. Note that the value of a key cannot be null.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p16585142410564">Return type: json</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p3585202417564">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen151281335615"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal"> 1</span>
<span class="normal"> 2</span>
<span class="normal"> 3</span>
<span class="normal"> 4</span>
<span class="normal"> 5</span>
<span class="normal"> 6</span>
<span class="normal"> 7</span>
<span class="normal"> 8</span>
<span class="normal"> 9</span>
<span class="normal">10</span>
<span class="normal">11</span>
<span class="normal">12</span>
<span class="normal">13</span>
<span class="normal">14</span>
<span class="normal">15</span>
<span class="normal">16</span>
<span class="normal">17</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json_object</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'{a, 1, b, &quot;def&quot;, c, 3.5}'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json_object</span>
<span class="c1">---------------------------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="ss">&quot;a&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;1&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;b&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;def&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;c&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;3.5&quot;</span><span class="err">}</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json_object</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'{{a, 1},{b, &quot;def&quot;},{c, 3.5}}'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json_object</span>
<span class="c1">---------------------------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="ss">&quot;a&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;1&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;b&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;def&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;c&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;3.5&quot;</span><span class="err">}</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json_object</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'{a,b,&quot;a b c&quot;}'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'{a,1,1}'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json_object</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">---------------------------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="ss">&quot;a&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;a&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;b&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;1&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;a b c&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;1&quot;</span><span class="err">}</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section2150431574"><h4 class="sectiontitle">to_json(anyelement)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p871013509572">Description: Converts parameters to json.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p19710115017577">Return type: json</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p10710155019572">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen82878575574"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal"> 1</span>
<span class="normal"> 2</span>
<span class="normal"> 3</span>
<span class="normal"> 4</span>
<span class="normal"> 5</span>
<span class="normal"> 6</span>
<span class="normal"> 7</span>
<span class="normal"> 8</span>
<span class="normal"> 9</span>
<span class="normal">10</span>
<span class="normal">11</span>
<span class="normal">12</span>
<span class="normal">13</span>
<span class="normal">14</span>
<span class="normal">15</span>
<span class="normal">16</span>
<span class="normal">17</span>
<span class="normal">18</span>
<span class="normal">19</span>
<span class="normal">20</span>
<span class="normal">21</span>
<span class="normal">22</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">to_json</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'Fred said &quot;Hi.&quot;'</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="nb">text</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">to_json</span>
<span class="c1">---------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;Fred said \&quot;</span><span class="n">Hi</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">\</span><span class="ss">&quot;&quot;</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">-- Convert the column-store table json_tbl_2 to JSON:</span>
<span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json_tbl_2</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">---+-----</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">aaa</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bbb</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ccc</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ddd</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">rows</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">to_json</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json_tbl_2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">to_json</span>
<span class="c1">-------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="ss">&quot;a&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="ss">&quot;b&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="ss">&quot;bbb&quot;</span><span class="err">}</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="ss">&quot;a&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="ss">&quot;b&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="ss">&quot;ddd&quot;</span><span class="err">}</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="ss">&quot;a&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="ss">&quot;b&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="ss">&quot;aaa&quot;</span><span class="err">}</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="ss">&quot;a&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="ss">&quot;b&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="ss">&quot;ccc&quot;</span><span class="err">}</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">rows</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section16545164411216"><h4 class="sectiontitle">json_strip_nulls(json)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p75225446218">Description: All object fields with null values are ignored, and other values remain unchanged.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p8522184416210">Return type: json</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p052264411217">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen1152318446217"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json_strip_nulls</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'[{&quot;f1&quot;:1,&quot;f2&quot;:null},2,null,3]'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json_strip_nulls</span>
<span class="c1">---------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="err">{</span><span class="ss">&quot;f1&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="err">}</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section68931071439"><h4 class="sectiontitle">json_object_field(json, text)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p15882107631">Description: Same as the operator <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_b117092752993626">-&gt;</strong>, which returns the value of a specified key in an object.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p138821877314">Return type: json</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p148821674310">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen138821171537"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json_object_field</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'{&quot;a&quot;: {&quot;b&quot;:&quot;foo&quot;}}'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">'a'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json_object_field</span>
<span class="c1">-------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="ss">&quot;b&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="ss">&quot;foo&quot;</span><span class="err">}</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section1411922715314"><h4 class="sectiontitle">json_object_field_text(object-json, text)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p181044271638">Description: Same as the operator <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_b129004515493626">-&gt;&gt;</strong>, which returns the value of a specified key in an object.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p410415271735">Return type: text</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p3104927431">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen61053277320"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json_object_field_text</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'{&quot;a&quot;: {&quot;b&quot;:&quot;foo&quot;}}'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">'a'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json_object_field_text</span>
<span class="c1">------------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="ss">&quot;b&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="ss">&quot;foo&quot;</span><span class="err">}</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section102410545315"><h4 class="sectiontitle">json_array_element(array-json, integer)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p11231195418318">Description: Same as the operator <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_b130178164893626">-&gt;</strong>, which returns the element with the specified subscript in the array.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p2023110542318">Return type: json</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p22311154532">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen123117541532"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json_array_element</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'[1,true,[1,[2,3]],null]'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json_array_element</span>
<span class="c1">--------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">]]</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section1732791640"><h4 class="sectiontitle">json_array_element_text(array-json, integer)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p1372189241">Description: Same as the operator <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_b182554644093626">-&gt;&gt;</strong>, which returns the element with the specified subscript in the array.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p6721391648">Return type: text</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p1872129540">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen672119444"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json_array_element_text</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'[1,true,[1,[2,3]],null]'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json_array_element_text</span>
<span class="c1">-------------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">]]</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section17686114414419"><h4 class="sectiontitle">json_extract_path(json, VARIADIC text[])</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p186784441445">Description: Same as the operator <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_b97911512593626">#&gt;</strong>, which returns the JSON value of the path specified by <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_i28907982893626">$2</em>.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p76781944745">Return type: json</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p56781744148">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen06783442413"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json_extract_path</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'{&quot;f2&quot;:{&quot;f3&quot;:1},&quot;f4&quot;:{&quot;f5&quot;:99,&quot;f6&quot;:&quot;stringy&quot;}}'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'f4'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">'f6'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json_extract_path</span>
<span class="c1">-------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;stringy&quot;</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section19602026550"><h4 class="sectiontitle">json_extract_path_text(json, VARIADIC text[])</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p185928261354">Description: Same as the operator <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_b181856774193626">#&gt;&gt;</strong>, which returns the text value of the path specified by <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_i118725883393626">$2</em>.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p459210261520">Return type: text</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p18592132616518">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen059312261655"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json_extract_path_text</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'{&quot;f2&quot;:{&quot;f3&quot;:1},&quot;f4&quot;:{&quot;f5&quot;:99,&quot;f6&quot;:&quot;stringy&quot;}}'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'f4'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">'f6'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json_extract_path_text</span>
<span class="c1">------------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stringy</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section610514552514"><h4 class="sectiontitle">json_array_elements(array-json)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p5988554519">Description: Splits an array. Each element returns a row.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p20984552514">Return type: json</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p1599135517512">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen209975511519"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span>
<span class="normal">6</span>
<span class="normal">7</span>
<span class="normal">8</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json_array_elements</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'[1,true,[1,[2,3]],null]'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json_array_elements</span>
<span class="c1">---------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">true</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">]]</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">rows</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section1229310151164"><h4 class="sectiontitle">json_array_elements_text(array-json)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p1528610151368">Description: Splits an array. Each element returns a row.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p162867151662">Return type: text</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p14286615365">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen162860156612"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span>
<span class="normal">6</span>
<span class="normal">7</span>
<span class="normal">8</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json_array_elements_text</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'[1,true,[1,[2,3]],null]'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">value</span>
<span class="c1">-----------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">true</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">]]</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">rows</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section1311418471264"><h4 class="sectiontitle">json_array_length(array-json)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p5107247863">Description: Returns the array length.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p1110715471165">Return type: integer</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p10108154712617">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen1410815479611"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json_array_length</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'[1,2,3,{&quot;f1&quot;:1,&quot;f2&quot;:[5,6]},4,null]'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json_array_length</span>
<span class="c1">-------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">6</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section1135816413715"><h4 class="sectiontitle">json_object_keys(object-json)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p113531241972">Description: Returns all keys at the top layer of the object.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p1935311416718">Return type: text</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p33530412714">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen1198321016710"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span>
<span class="normal">6</span>
<span class="normal">7</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json_object_keys</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'{&quot;f1&quot;:&quot;abc&quot;,&quot;f2&quot;:{&quot;f3&quot;:&quot;a&quot;, &quot;f4&quot;:&quot;b&quot;}, &quot;f1&quot;:&quot;abcd&quot;}'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json_object_keys</span>
<span class="c1">------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">f1</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">f2</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">f1</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">rows</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section129905617715"><h4 class="sectiontitle">json_each(object-json)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p89510561278">Description: Splits each key-value pair of an object into one row and two columns.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p1959563719">Return type: setof(key text, value json)</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p99517561879">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen19004214812"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span>
<span class="normal">6</span>
<span class="normal">7</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json_each</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'{&quot;f1&quot;:[1,2,3],&quot;f2&quot;:{&quot;f3&quot;:1},&quot;f4&quot;:null}'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">value</span>
<span class="c1">-----+----------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">f1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">f2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="ss">&quot;f3&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="err">}</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">f4</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">rows</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section1137918144819"><h4 class="sectiontitle">json_each_text(object-json)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p123751114489">Description: Splits each key-value pair of an object into one row and two columns.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p9375191412810">Return type: setof(key text, value text)</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p73751141181">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen93756144820"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span>
<span class="normal">6</span>
<span class="normal">7</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json_each_text</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'{&quot;f1&quot;:[1,2,3],&quot;f2&quot;:{&quot;f3&quot;:1},&quot;f4&quot;:null}'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">value</span>
<span class="c1">-----+----------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">f1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">f2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="ss">&quot;f3&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="err">}</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">f4</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">rows</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section128815345820"><h4 class="sectiontitle">json_populate_record(anyelement, object-json [, bool])</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p2028418341281">Description: <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_i29688508893626">$1</em> must be a compound parameter. Each key-value in <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_b180497017793626">object-json</strong> is split. The key is used as the column name to match the column name in <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_i130492907193626">$1</em> and fill in the <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_i184969825493626">$1</em> format.</p>
<div class="note" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__note3821124711438"><img src="public_sys-resources/note_3.0-en-us.png"><span class="notetitle"> </span><div class="notebody"><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__p28217475438">To define a composite type for the input parameters of a JSON/JSONB function, you can use CREATE TYPE or CREATE TABLE. Here is an example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__screen1871251074210"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">CREATE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">TYPE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jpop</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">text</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">INT</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">timestamp</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">CREATE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">TABLE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jpop2</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">text</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">INT</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">timestamp</span><span class="p">);</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div></div>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p52841341985">Return type: anyelement</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p528413349819">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen62842346819"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span>
<span class="normal">6</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">CREATE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">TYPE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jpop</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">text</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">INT</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">timestamp</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json_populate_record</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="n">jpop</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">'{&quot;a&quot;:&quot;blurfl&quot;,&quot;x&quot;:43.2}'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">c</span>
<span class="c1">--------+---+---</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">blurfl</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section186176551786"><h4 class="sectiontitle">json_populate_recordset(anyelement, array-json [, bool])</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p18613145517818">Description: Performs the preceding operations on each element in the <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_i59892517893626">$2</em> array by referring to the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_b201140565393626">json_populate_record</strong> and <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_b7607189793626">jsonb_populate_record</strong> functions. Therefore, each element in the <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_i36231447593626">$2</em> array must be of the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_b54344042993626">object-json</strong> type.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p126139555817">Return type: setof anyelement</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p186131551284">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen166131855183"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span>
<span class="normal">6</span>
<span class="normal">7</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">CREATE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">TYPE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jpop</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">text</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">INT</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">timestamp</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json_populate_recordset</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="n">jpop</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'[{&quot;a&quot;:1,&quot;b&quot;:2},{&quot;a&quot;:3,&quot;b&quot;:4}]'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">c</span>
<span class="c1">---+---+---</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">rows</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section1364814301791"><h4 class="sectiontitle">json_to_record(object-json)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p2646183018915">Description: Like all functions that return <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__b1242555954314">record</strong>, the caller must explicitly define the structure of the record using an <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__b1142515910439">AS</strong> clause. The key-value pair of <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_b8268623993626">object-json</strong> is split and reassembled. The key is used as a column name to match and fill in the structure of the record specified by the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_b43581590893626">AS</strong> clause.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p13646123016912">Return type: record</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p13646103012914">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen14646730799"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json_to_record</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'{&quot;a&quot;:1,&quot;b&quot;:&quot;foo&quot;,&quot;c&quot;:&quot;bar&quot;}'</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="n">json</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">text</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">d</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">text</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">d</span>
<span class="c1">---+-----+---</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">foo</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section54086481799"><h4 class="sectiontitle">json_to_recordset(array-json)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p124061488918">Description: Executes the preceding function on each element in the array by referring to the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_b18528543793626">json_to_record</strong> function. Therefore, each element in the array must be <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_b37520546193626">object-json</strong>.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p104061248097">Return type: SETOF record</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p164061448999">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen940712481990"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal"> 1</span>
<span class="normal"> 2</span>
<span class="normal"> 3</span>
<span class="normal"> 4</span>
<span class="normal"> 5</span>
<span class="normal"> 6</span>
<span class="normal"> 7</span>
<span class="normal"> 8</span>
<span class="normal"> 9</span>
<span class="normal">10</span>
<span class="normal">11</span>
<span class="normal">12</span>
<span class="normal">13</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json_to_recordset</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'[{&quot;a&quot;:1,&quot;b&quot;:{&quot;d&quot;:&quot;foo&quot;},&quot;c&quot;:true},{&quot;a&quot;:2,&quot;c&quot;:false,&quot;b&quot;:{&quot;d&quot;:&quot;bar&quot;}}]'</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">INT</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">BOOLEAN</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">c</span>
<span class="c1">---+-------------+---</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="ss">&quot;d&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="ss">&quot;foo&quot;</span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="ss">&quot;d&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="ss">&quot;bar&quot;</span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">f</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">rows</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json_to_recordset</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'[{&quot;a&quot;:1,&quot;b&quot;:&quot;foo&quot;,&quot;d&quot;:false},{&quot;a&quot;:2,&quot;b&quot;:&quot;bar&quot;,&quot;c&quot;:true}]'</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">INT</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">text</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">BOOLEAN</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">c</span>
<span class="c1">---+-----+---</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">foo</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bar</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">rows</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section10689161861015"><h4 class="sectiontitle">json_typeof(json)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p068831871015">Description: Checks the JSON type.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p1688018131017">Return type: text</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p668891811106">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen86891018181013"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal"> 1</span>
<span class="normal"> 2</span>
<span class="normal"> 3</span>
<span class="normal"> 4</span>
<span class="normal"> 5</span>
<span class="normal"> 6</span>
<span class="normal"> 7</span>
<span class="normal"> 8</span>
<span class="normal"> 9</span>
<span class="normal">10</span>
<span class="normal">11</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">value</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json_typeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">value</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">values</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">json</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'123.4'</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">json</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'&quot;foo&quot;'</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">json</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'true'</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">json</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'null'</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">json</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'[1, 2, 3]'</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">json</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'{&quot;x&quot;:&quot;foo&quot;, &quot;y&quot;:123}'</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">NULL</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="n">json</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">data</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">value</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">value</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json_typeof</span>
<span class="c1">----------------------+-------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">123</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">number</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;foo&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">string</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">true</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">boolean</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">array</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="ss">&quot;x&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="ss">&quot;foo&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;y&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">123</span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">object</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">rows</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section1783115123015"><h4 class="sectiontitle">jsonb_object(text[])</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p167426523020">Description: Constructs an <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_b93406128393626">object-jsonb</strong> from a text array. This is an overloaded function. When the input parameter is a text array, the array length must be an even number, and members are considered alternate key-value pairs.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p974265153017">Return type: jsonb</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p13742185143013">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen774416513016"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_object</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'{a,1,b,2,3,NULL,&quot;d e f&quot;,&quot;a b c&quot;}'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_object</span>
<span class="c1">---------------------------------------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="ss">&quot;3&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;a&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;1&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;b&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;2&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;d e f&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;a b c&quot;</span><span class="err">}</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section15992191233013"><h4 class="sectiontitle">jsonb_object(text[], text[])</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p13969151214306">Description: When two text arrays are used, the first array is considered a key and the second array is considered a value. The lengths of the two arrays must be the same. Note that the value of a key cannot be null.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p3969161293015">Return type: jsonb</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p17969111219302">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen17969191243010"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_object</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'{a,b,&quot;a b c&quot;}'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'{a,1,1}'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_object</span>
<span class="c1">------------------------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="ss">&quot;a&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;a&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;b&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;1&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;a b c&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;1&quot;</span><span class="err">}</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section75041233123315"><h4 class="sectiontitle">to_jsonb(anyment)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p9480733143317">Description: Converts other types to the corresponding jsonb type.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p7480733183319">Return type: jsonb</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p184809334335">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen184801533133312"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">to_jsonb</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">to_jsonb</span>
<span class="c1">----------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">1</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section20749431133513"><h4 class="sectiontitle">jsonb_agg</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p5717113183511">Description: Aggregates jsonb objects into a jsonb array.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p17717103118356">Return type: jsonb</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p19717123110353">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen471813163510"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal"> 1</span>
<span class="normal"> 2</span>
<span class="normal"> 3</span>
<span class="normal"> 4</span>
<span class="normal"> 5</span>
<span class="normal"> 6</span>
<span class="normal"> 7</span>
<span class="normal"> 8</span>
<span class="normal"> 9</span>
<span class="normal">10</span>
<span class="normal">11</span>
<span class="normal">12</span>
<span class="normal">13</span>
<span class="normal">14</span>
<span class="normal">15</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json_tbl_2</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span>
<span class="c1">---+-----</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">aaa</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bbb</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ccc</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ddd</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">rows</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_agg</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json_tbl_2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">GROUP</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">BY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">ORDER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">BY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_agg</span>
<span class="c1">---+----------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="ss">&quot;aaa&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;bbb&quot;</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="ss">&quot;ccc&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;ddd&quot;</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">rows</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section1263629123618"><h4 class="sectiontitle">jsonb_object_agg</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p1341172993613">Description: Aggregates key-value pairs into a JSON object.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p241192983620">Return type: jsonb</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p64132903617">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen1242142912363"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal"> 1</span>
<span class="normal"> 2</span>
<span class="normal"> 3</span>
<span class="normal"> 4</span>
<span class="normal"> 5</span>
<span class="normal"> 6</span>
<span class="normal"> 7</span>
<span class="normal"> 8</span>
<span class="normal"> 9</span>
<span class="normal">10</span>
<span class="normal">11</span>
<span class="normal">12</span>
<span class="normal">13</span>
<span class="normal">14</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json_tbl_3</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">c</span>
<span class="c1">---+-----+----</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">aaa</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bbb</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">20</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ccc</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">30</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ddd</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">40</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">rows</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_object_agg</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json_tbl_3</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">GROUP</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">BY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">ORDER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">BY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_object_agg</span>
<span class="c1">---+------------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="ss">&quot;aaa&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;bbb&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">20</span><span class="err">}</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="ss">&quot;ccc&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">30</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;ddd&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">40</span><span class="err">}</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">rows</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section292503783620"><h4 class="sectiontitle">jsonb_build_array( [VARIADIC "any"] )</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p9909113773613">Description: Constructs a JSON array that may contain heterogeneous types from a variable parameter list.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p69091937143613">Return type: jsonb</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p2090919371369">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen1291023713367"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_build_array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'a'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">'b'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">'c'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="k">true</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">'d'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">'e'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">json</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'{&quot;x&quot;: 3, &quot;y&quot;: [1,2,3]}'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">''</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_build_array</span>
<span class="c1">-------------------------------------------------------------------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="ss">&quot;a&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;b&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;c&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">true</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;d&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;e&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="ss">&quot;x&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;y&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="err">}</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section1633801611384"><h4 class="sectiontitle">jsonb_build_object( [VARIADIC "any"] )</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p1731061619387">Description: Constructs a JSON object from a variable parameter list. The number of input parameters must be an even number. Every two input parameters form a key-value pair. Note that the value of a key cannot be null.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p1331091617381">Return type: jsonb</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p131051610389">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen143102162383"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_build_object</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_build_object</span>
<span class="c1">--------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="ss">&quot;1&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="err">}</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section1628912224387"><h4 class="sectiontitle">jsonb_strip_nulls(jsonb)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p18268192253813">Description: All object fields with null values are omitted. Other null values remain unchanged.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p13268162213820">Return type: jsonb</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p42688223383">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen10268122214384"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_strip_nulls</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'[{&quot;f1&quot;:1,&quot;f2&quot;:null},2,null,3]'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_strip_nulls</span>
<span class="c1">-------------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="err">{</span><span class="ss">&quot;f1&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="err">}</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section45441280384"><h4 class="sectiontitle">jsonb_object_field(jsonb, text)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p1952916287384">Description: Same as the operator <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_b206136172793626">-&gt;</strong>, which returns the value of a specified key in an object.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p12529528173813">Return type: jsonb</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p85291828113815">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen125293286382"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_object_field</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'{&quot;a&quot;: {&quot;b&quot;:&quot;foo&quot;}}'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">'a'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_object_field</span>
<span class="c1">--------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="ss">&quot;b&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;foo&quot;</span><span class="err">}</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section5230536143812"><h4 class="sectiontitle">jsonb_object_field_text(jsonb, text)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p132121536133818">Description: Same as the operator <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_b64728966493626">-&gt;&gt;</strong>, which returns the value of a specified key in an object.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p52121036113817">Return type: text</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p14212436153812">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen62121436173810"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_object_field_text</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'{&quot;a&quot;: {&quot;b&quot;:&quot;foo&quot;}}'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">'a'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_object_field_text</span>
<span class="c1">-------------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="ss">&quot;b&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;foo&quot;</span><span class="err">}</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section18685281396"><h4 class="sectiontitle">jsonb_array_element(array-jsonb, integer)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p1185410284399">Description: Same as the operator <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_b193033660893626">-&gt;</strong>, which returns the element with the specified subscript in the array.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p11854172819397">Return type: jsonb</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p7854102819391">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen16855228133912"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_array_element</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'[1,true,[1,[2,3]],null]'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_array_element</span>
<span class="c1">---------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">]]</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section111301536183917"><h4 class="sectiontitle">jsonb_array_element_text(array-jsonb, integer)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p181111036123911">Description: Same as the operator <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_b147324931593626">-&gt;&gt;</strong>, which returns the element with the specified subscript in the array.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p81111836113911">Return type: text</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p3111236153915">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen811183617395"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_array_element_text</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'[1,true,[1,[2,3]],null]'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_array_element_text</span>
<span class="c1">--------------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">]]</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section1650874273919"><h4 class="sectiontitle">jsonb_extract_path((jsonb, VARIADIC text[])</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p2495194217396">Description: Same as the operator <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_b19845430893626">#&gt;</strong>, which returns the value of the path specified by <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_i176378906993626">$2</em>.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p1349519425391">Return type: jsonb</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p94951442193910">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen194961942143913"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_extract_path</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'{&quot;f2&quot;:{&quot;f3&quot;:1},&quot;f4&quot;:{&quot;f5&quot;:99,&quot;f6&quot;:&quot;stringy&quot;}}'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'f4'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">'f6'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_extract_path</span>
<span class="c1">--------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;stringy&quot;</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section187717498398"><h4 class="sectiontitle">jsonb_extract_path_text((jsonb, VARIADIC text[])</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p1164104933919">Description: Same as the operator <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_b152659606293626">#&gt;&gt;</strong>, which returns the value of the path specified by <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_i2488943793626">$2</em>.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p18644492393">Return type: text</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p46434915393">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen964104917391"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_extract_path_text</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'{&quot;f2&quot;:{&quot;f3&quot;:1},&quot;f4&quot;:{&quot;f5&quot;:99,&quot;f6&quot;:&quot;stringy&quot;}}'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'f4'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">'f6'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_extract_path_text</span>
<span class="c1">-------------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stringy</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__section13142145820427"><h4 class="sectiontitle">jsonb_extract((jsonb, VARIADIC text[])</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__p96911414412">Description: If you enter any object-jsonb or array-jsonb type, the value of the path specified by <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__b25581250042">$2</strong> is returned. This function is supported only by clusters of version 9.1.0 or later.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__p1537484116446">Return type: SETOF jsonb</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__p293214458447">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__screen144955597471"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal"> 1</span>
<span class="normal"> 2</span>
<span class="normal"> 3</span>
<span class="normal"> 4</span>
<span class="normal"> 5</span>
<span class="normal"> 6</span>
<span class="normal"> 7</span>
<span class="normal"> 8</span>
<span class="normal"> 9</span>
<span class="normal">10</span>
<span class="normal">11</span>
<span class="normal">12</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_extract</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'{&quot;f2&quot;:{&quot;f3&quot;:1},&quot;f4&quot;:[{&quot;f5&quot;:99},{&quot;f6&quot;:&quot;stringy&quot;}]}'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">'f2'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">'f3'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_extract</span>
<span class="c1">---------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_extract</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'{&quot;f2&quot;:{&quot;f3&quot;:1},&quot;f4&quot;:[{&quot;f5&quot;:99},{&quot;f5&quot;:&quot;stringy&quot;}]}'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'f4'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">'f5'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_extract</span>
<span class="c1">---------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">99</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;stringy&quot;</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">rows</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__section88221635164317"><h4 class="sectiontitle">jsonb_extract_text((jsonb, VARIADIC text[])</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__p4270144210516">Description: If you enter any object-jsonb or array-jsonb type, the value of the path specified by <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__b185122201357">$2</strong> is returned. This function is supported only by clusters of version 9.1.0 or later.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__p427034219511">Return type: SETOF text</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__p92701242185120">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__screen72701942195110"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal"> 1</span>
<span class="normal"> 2</span>
<span class="normal"> 3</span>
<span class="normal"> 4</span>
<span class="normal"> 5</span>
<span class="normal"> 6</span>
<span class="normal"> 7</span>
<span class="normal"> 8</span>
<span class="normal"> 9</span>
<span class="normal">10</span>
<span class="normal">11</span>
<span class="normal">12</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_extract_text</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'{&quot;f2&quot;:{&quot;f3&quot;:1},&quot;f4&quot;:[{&quot;f5&quot;:99},{&quot;f6&quot;:&quot;stringy&quot;}]}'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">'f2'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">'f3'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_extract_text</span>
<span class="c1">--------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_extract_text</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'{&quot;f2&quot;:{&quot;f3&quot;:1},&quot;f4&quot;:[{&quot;f5&quot;:99},{&quot;f5&quot;:&quot;stringy&quot;}]}'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'f4'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">'f5'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_extract_text</span>
<span class="c1">--------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">99</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stringy</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">rows</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section4926125643910"><h4 class="sectiontitle">jsonb_array_elements(array-jsonb)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p1391312562393">Description: Splits an array. Each element returns a row.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p691415568393">Return type: jsonb</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p391425611396">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen29142568395"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span>
<span class="normal">6</span>
<span class="normal">7</span>
<span class="normal">8</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_array_elements</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'[1,true,[1,[2,3]],null]'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_array_elements</span>
<span class="c1">----------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">true</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">]]</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">rows</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section765101319406"><h4 class="sectiontitle">jsonb_array_elements_text(array-jsonb)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p206351137405">Description: Splits an array. Each element returns a row.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p19635813124019">Return type: text</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p146358136404">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen1963631315401"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span>
<span class="normal">6</span>
<span class="normal">7</span>
<span class="normal">8</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_array_elements_text</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'[1,true,[1,[2,3]],null]'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">value</span>
<span class="c1">-------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">true</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">]]</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">rows</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section198901018164016"><h4 class="sectiontitle">jsonb_array_length(array-jsonb)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p19879171874011">Description: Returns the array length.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p198797184407">Return type: integer</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p16879171824010">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen287951854013"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_array_length</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'[1,2,3,{&quot;f1&quot;:1,&quot;f2&quot;:[5,6]},4,null]'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_array_length</span>
<span class="c1">--------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">6</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section1379023211400"><h4 class="sectiontitle">jsonb_object_keys(object-jsonb)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p14775173264012">Description: Returns all keys at the top layer of the object.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p877593244015">Return type: SETOF text</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p19775132144017">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen1177613214402"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span>
<span class="normal">6</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_object_keys</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'{&quot;f1&quot;:&quot;abc&quot;,&quot;f2&quot;:{&quot;f3&quot;:&quot;a&quot;, &quot;f4&quot;:&quot;b&quot;}, &quot;f1&quot;:&quot;abcd&quot;}'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_object_keys</span>
<span class="c1">-------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">f1</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">f2</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">rows</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section24237398409"><h4 class="sectiontitle">jsonb_each(object-jsonb)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p34111039174011">Description: Splits each key-value pair of an object into one row and two columns.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p1641115392409">Return type: setof(key text, value jsonb)</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p341113915403">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen11412153954020"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span>
<span class="normal">6</span>
<span class="normal">7</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_each</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'{&quot;f1&quot;:[1,2,3],&quot;f2&quot;:{&quot;f3&quot;:1},&quot;f4&quot;:null}'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">value</span>
<span class="c1">-----+-----------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">f1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">f2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="ss">&quot;f3&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="err">}</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">f4</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">rows</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section13413121712419"><h4 class="sectiontitle">jsonb_each_text(object-jsonb)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p13403817174116">Description: Splits each key-value pair of an object into one row and two columns.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p18403171714416">Return type: setof(key text, value text)</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p54031117104116">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen1240321774112"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span>
<span class="normal">6</span>
<span class="normal">7</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_each_text</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'{&quot;f1&quot;:[1,2,3],&quot;f2&quot;:{&quot;f3&quot;:1},&quot;f4&quot;:null}'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">value</span>
<span class="c1">-----+-----------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">f1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">f2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="ss">&quot;f3&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="err">}</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">f4</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">rows</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section1394111578419"><h4 class="sectiontitle">jsonb_populate_record(anyelement, object-jsonb [, bool])</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p792885784113">Description: <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_i33690499393626">$1</em> must be a compound parameter. Each key-value in <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_b63284705293626">object-json</strong> is split. The key is used as the column name to match the column name in <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_i69640610093626">$1</em> and fill in the <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_i113413080993626">$1</em> format.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p1592855724114">Return type: anyelement</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p179281572413">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen192875714114"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_populate_record</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="n">jpop</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">'{&quot;a&quot;:&quot;blurfl&quot;,&quot;x&quot;:43.2}'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">c</span>
<span class="c1">--------+---+---</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">blurfl</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section10721832429"><h4 class="sectiontitle">jsonb_populate_recordset(anyelement, array-jsonb [, bool])</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p056103174211">Description: Performs the preceding operations on each element in the <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_i150074125593626">$2</em> array by referring to the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_b184643007493626">json_populate_record</strong> and <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_b205065328893626">jsonb_populate_record</strong> functions. Therefore, each element in the <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_i101494751593626">$2</em> array must be of the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_b211779813393626">object-json</strong> type.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p2056163134210">Return type: setof anyelement</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p15663154218">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen1756732422"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span>
<span class="normal">6</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_populate_recordset</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="n">jpop</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'[{&quot;a&quot;:1,&quot;b&quot;:2},{&quot;a&quot;:3,&quot;b&quot;:4}]'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">c</span>
<span class="c1">---+---+---</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">rows</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section18774161184416"><h4 class="sectiontitle">jsonb_to_record(object-json)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p5760151114412">Description: Like all functions that return <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__b16785134417">record</strong>, the caller must explicitly define the structure of the record using an <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__b7674511446">AS</strong> clause. The key-value pair of <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_b196488384493626">object-json</strong> is split and reassembled. The key is used as a column name to match and fill in the structure of the record specified by the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_b168503178493626">AS</strong> clause.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p776031119444">Return type: record</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p97601811154415">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen6760811174411"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_to_record</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'{&quot;a&quot;:1,&quot;b&quot;:&quot;foo&quot;,&quot;c&quot;:&quot;bar&quot;}'</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="n">jsonb</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">text</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">d</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">text</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">d</span>
<span class="c1">---+-----+---</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">foo</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section1938416915451"><h4 class="sectiontitle">jsonb_to_recordset(array-json)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p43751996452">Description: Executes the preceding function on each element in the array by referring to the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_b193009553293626">jsonb_to_record</strong> function. Therefore, each element in the array must be <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_b93440369593626">object-jsonb</strong>.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p137513954518">Return type: SETOF record</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p7375129184510">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen123767964514"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span>
<span class="normal">6</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_to_recordset</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'[{&quot;a&quot;:1,&quot;b&quot;:&quot;foo&quot;,&quot;d&quot;:false},{&quot;a&quot;:2,&quot;b&quot;:&quot;bar&quot;,&quot;c&quot;:true}]'</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">INT</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">text</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">boolean</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">c</span>
<span class="c1">---+-----+---</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">foo</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bar</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">rows</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section157947142455"><h4 class="sectiontitle">jsonb_typeof(jsonb)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p10783181454520">Description: Checks the JSONB type.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p107831114204512">Return type: text</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p16783131444515">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen678371417452"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_typeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">to_jsonb</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">));</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_typeof</span>
<span class="c1">--------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">number</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section10322628134518"><h4 class="sectiontitle">jsonb_ne(jsonb, jsonb)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p031115287451">Description: Same as the operator <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_b189236783293626">&lt;&gt;</strong>, which compares two values.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p1731162824517">Return type: Boolean</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p13311112815454">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen1531322854510"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_ne</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'{&quot;a&quot;:1, &quot;b&quot;:2}'</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="n">jsonb</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'{&quot;a&quot;:1, &quot;b&quot;:3}'</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="n">jsonb</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_ne</span>
<span class="c1">----------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section1081633114513"><h4 class="sectiontitle">jsonb_lt(jsonb, jsonb)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p136910331459">Description: Same as the operator <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_b15906707493626">&lt;</strong>, which compares two values.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p14694332457">Return type: Boolean</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p469113317459">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen167012331450"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_lt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'{&quot;a&quot;:1, &quot;b&quot;:2}'</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="n">jsonb</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'{&quot;a&quot;:1, &quot;b&quot;:3}'</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="n">jsonb</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_lt</span>
<span class="c1">----------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section134731937104516"><h4 class="sectiontitle">jsonb_gt(jsonb, jsonb)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p5466193734516">Description: Same as the operator <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_b29783412093626">&gt;</strong>, which compares two values.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p34661237194510">Return type: Boolean</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p17466183774511">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen18466193714520"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_gt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'{&quot;a&quot;:1, &quot;b&quot;:2}'</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="n">jsonb</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'{&quot;a&quot;:1, &quot;b&quot;:3}'</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="n">jsonb</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_gt</span>
<span class="c1">----------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">f</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section6128164254510"><h4 class="sectiontitle">jsonb_le(jsonb, jsonb)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p61211242114512">Description: Same as the operator <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_b54260050993626">&lt;=</strong>, which compares two values.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p20121542164510">Return type: Boolean</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p19121194224514">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen61214428458"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_le</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'[&quot;a&quot;, &quot;b&quot;]'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'{&quot;a&quot;:1, &quot;b&quot;:2}'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_le</span>
<span class="c1">----------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section139191546184512"><h4 class="sectiontitle">jsonb_ge(jsonb, jsonb)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p3911146194519">Description: Same as the operator <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_b198682867493626">&gt;=</strong>, which compares two values.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p391113467459">Return type: Boolean</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p16911124617458">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen14912114694516"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_ge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'[&quot;a&quot;, &quot;b&quot;]'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'{&quot;a&quot;:1, &quot;b&quot;:2}'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_ge</span>
<span class="c1">----------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">f</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section14288125294514"><h4 class="sectiontitle">jsonb_eq(jsonb, jsonb)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p8280125234510">Description: Same as the operator <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_b148181988993626">=</strong>, which compares two values.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p13280165254510">Return type: Boolean</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p1828065217450">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen1428112520457"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_eq</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'[&quot;a&quot;, &quot;b&quot;]'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'{&quot;a&quot;:1, &quot;b&quot;:2}'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_eq</span>
<span class="c1">----------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">f</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section1442713359484"><h4 class="sectiontitle">jsonb_cmp(jsonb, jsonb)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p194201235124816">Description: Compares values. A positive value indicates greater than, a negative value indicates less than, and <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_b30519641293626">0</strong> indicates equal.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p18420335114811">Return type: integer</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p3420935144815">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen16421735104820"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_cmp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'[&quot;a&quot;, &quot;b&quot;]'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'{&quot;a&quot;:1, &quot;b&quot;:2}'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_cmp</span>
<span class="c1">-----------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section112731439154819"><h4 class="sectiontitle">jsonb_exists(jsonb, text)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p10264739124818">Description: Same as the operator <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_b178108703593626">?</strong>, which determines whether all elements in the string array <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_i93687259293626">$2</em> exist at the top layer of <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_i16964879793626">$1</em> in the form of <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_b214463964693626">key\elem\scalar</strong>.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p1726463911483">Return type: Boolean</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p17264163915483">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen1126473912481"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_exists</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'[&quot;1&quot;,2,3]'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'1'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_exists</span>
<span class="c1">--------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section4575121720490"><h4 class="sectiontitle">jsonb_exists_any(jsonb, text[])</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p9566417134914">Description: Same as the operator <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_b17168461493626">?|</strong>, which determines whether all elements in the string array <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_i109532561093626">$2</em> exist at the top layer of <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_i5894670693626">$1</em> in the form of <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_b159262539293626">key\elem\scalar</strong>.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p12566101744918">Return type:</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p35661117124910">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen1956618176499"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_exists_any</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'[&quot;1&quot;,&quot;2&quot;,3]'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'{1, 2, 4}'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_exists_any</span>
<span class="c1">------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section239211388495"><h4 class="sectiontitle">jsonb_exists_all(jsonb, text[])</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p2382538194911">Description: Same as the operator <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_b181347433793626">?&amp;</strong>, which determines whether all elements in the string array <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_i31476302793626">$2</em> exist at the top layer of <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_i76386134693626">$1</em> in the form of <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_b177191800493626">key\elem\scalar</strong>.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p938213818491">Return type:</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p838283817494">bool</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p183823384496">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen16383143864914"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_exists_all</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'[&quot;1&quot;,&quot;2&quot;,3]'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'{1, 2}'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_exists_all</span>
<span class="c1">------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section257324313494"><h4 class="sectiontitle">jsonb_contained(jsonb, jsonb)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p1356144312493">Description: Same as the operator <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_b5836336493626">&lt;@</strong>, which determines whether all elements in the string array <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_i181344202193626">$1</em> exist at the top layer of <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_i87911087793626">$2</em>.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p12561104313492">Return type: Boolean</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p856164319495">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen956134315492"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_contained</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'[1,2,3]'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'[1,2,3,4]'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_contained</span>
<span class="c1">-----------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section103345473494"><h4 class="sectiontitle">jsonb_contains(jsonb, jsonb)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p633014704912">Description: Same as the operator <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_b108476142693626">@&gt;</strong>, which determines whether all elements in the string array <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_i138143355593626">$2</em> exist at the top layer of <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_i24249095493626">$1</em>.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p3330147194912">Return type: Boolean</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p113301047124917">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen333011471496"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_contains</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'{&quot;a&quot;:1, &quot;b&quot;:2, &quot;c&quot;:3}'</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="n">jsonb</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'{&quot;a&quot;:1}'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_contains</span>
<span class="c1">-----------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section59371750124917"><h4 class="sectiontitle">jsonb_concat(jsonb, jsonb)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p17934195014913">Description: Combines two JSONB objects into one.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p1193416504492">Return type: jsonb</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p493412506493">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen1293445015492"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_concat</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'{&quot;a&quot;:1, &quot;b&quot;:2}'</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="n">jsonb</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'{&quot;c&quot;:3, &quot;d&quot;:4}'</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="n">jsonb</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_concat</span>
<span class="c1">----------------------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="ss">&quot;a&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;b&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;c&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;d&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="err">}</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section196465512493"><h4 class="sectiontitle">jsonb_delete(jsonb, text)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p66115556497">Description: Deletes the key-value pair corresponding to the key value in jsonb.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p17611255204912">Return type: jsonb</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p12619551494">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen2062455174917"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_delete</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'{&quot;a&quot;:1, &quot;b&quot;:2}'</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="n">jsonb</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'a'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_delete</span>
<span class="c1">--------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="ss">&quot;b&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="err">}</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section138691358154910"><h4 class="sectiontitle">jsonb_delete_idx(jsonb, text)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p13866165820490">Description: Deletes the element corresponding to an array subscript.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p986645813498">Return type: jsonb</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p48663582498">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen4867458104914"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_delete_idx</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'[0,1,2,3,4]'</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="n">jsonb</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_delete_idx</span>
<span class="c1">------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section1015211219501"><h4 class="sectiontitle">jsonb_delete_array(jsonb, VARIADIC text[])</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p1614932125011">Description: Deletes multiple elements from the jsonb array.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p914919210508">Return type: jsonb</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p71491229503">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen4150122105019"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_delete_array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'[&quot;a&quot;, &quot;b&quot;, &quot;c&quot;]'</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="n">jsonb</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'a'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'b'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_delete_array</span>
<span class="c1">--------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="ss">&quot;c&quot;</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section205563575017"><h4 class="sectiontitle">jsonb_delete_path(jsonb, text[])</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p1755211575017">Description: Deletes elements of a specified path from the jsonb array.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p13552157505">Return type: jsonb</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p115524525014">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen255385125019"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_delete_path</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'{&quot;a&quot;:{&quot;b&quot;:{&quot;c&quot;:1, &quot;d&quot;:2}}, &quot;e&quot;:3}'</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="n">jsonb</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">array</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'a'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'b'</span><span class="p">]);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_delete_path</span>
<span class="c1">-------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="ss">&quot;a&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{}</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;e&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="err">}</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section93001293509"><h4 class="sectiontitle">jsonb_set(target jsonb, path text[], new_value jsonb [, create_missing boolean])</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p429812911501">Description: Returns <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__i2495187444">target</em> with the section designated by <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__i1249511834416">path</em> replaced by <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__i1249578134418">new_value</em>, or with <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__i7495086443">new_value</em> added if <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__b8495198154410">create_missing</strong> is <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__b349517804411">true</strong> (<strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__b174961287443">true</strong> by default) and the item designated by <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__i6496986441">path</em> does not exist. As with the path-oriented operators, negative integers that appear in <em id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_i144662790493626">path</em> count from the end of JSON arrays.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p129819965020">Return type: jsonb</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p929810945018">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen1229819925014"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'[{&quot;f1&quot;:1,&quot;f2&quot;:null},2,null,3]'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'{0,f1}'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">'[2,3,4]'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">false</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_set</span>
<span class="c1">---------------------------------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="err">{</span><span class="ss">&quot;f1&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;f2&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="err">}</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section7885131217509"><h4 class="sectiontitle">jsonb_pretty(jsonb)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p1884201213503">Description: Returns in indented JSON text.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p108841912115020">Return type: jsonb</p>
<div class="p" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p17884112205014">Example:<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen128841812185016"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal"> 1</span>
<span class="normal"> 2</span>
<span class="normal"> 3</span>
<span class="normal"> 4</span>
<span class="normal"> 5</span>
<span class="normal"> 6</span>
<span class="normal"> 7</span>
<span class="normal"> 8</span>
<span class="normal"> 9</span>
<span class="normal">10</span>
<span class="normal">11</span>
<span class="normal">12</span>
<span class="normal">13</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_pretty</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'{&quot;a&quot;:{&quot;b&quot;:{&quot;c&quot;:1, &quot;d&quot;:2}}, &quot;e&quot;:3}'</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="n">jsonb</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_pretty</span>
<span class="c1">---------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;a&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;b&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;c&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="o">+</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;d&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="err">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="err">}</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;e&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="err">}</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section5328819115015"><h4 class="sectiontitle">jsonb_insert(target jsonb, path text[], new_value jsonb [, insert_after boolean])</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p03261619105011">Description: Returns the target where <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__b1337313111174">new_value</strong> is inserted. When the specified target is located within the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__b1896195516117">JSONB</strong> array using the path, use the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__b16965134161219">insert_after</strong> parameter to determine if <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__b12675151518128">new_value</strong> should be inserted after the target. The default value is <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__b81145215126">false</strong>, meaning that the new value will be inserted after the target. If the target part specified by <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__b1035185611716">path</strong> is in a <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__b1260714010812">JSONB</strong> object, <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__b13119955817">new_value</strong> is inserted only when the target part does not exist. Like path-oriented operators, a negative integer in <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__b8416161271112">path</strong> indicates that the count starts from the end of the <strong id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__b1867815177110">JSON</strong> array.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p143262192506">Return type: jsonb</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p153264192507">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen193272196508"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'{&quot;a&quot;: [0,1,2]}'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'{a, 1}'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'&quot;new_value&quot;'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">jsonb_insert</span>
<span class="c1">-------------------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="ss">&quot;a&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;new_value&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="err">}</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section162902216509"><h4 class="sectiontitle">ts_headline([ config regconfig, ] document jsonb, query tsquery [, options text ])</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p14629182210507">Description: Highlights the jsonb search result.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p13629142215013">Return type: jsonb</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p19629122135010">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen1462962225010"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span>
<span class="normal">6</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ts_headline</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'english'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'[{&quot;id&quot;:9928,&quot;user_id&quot;:4562,&quot;user_name&quot;:&quot;9LOHR4&quot;,&quot;create_time&quot;:&quot;2021-06-22T16:28:16.504518+08:00&quot;}, {&quot;id&quot;:9959,&quot;user_id&quot;:5524,&quot;user_name&quot;:&quot;YID07D&quot;,&quot;create_time&quot;:&quot;2021-06-22T16:28:16.557228+08:00&quot;}, {&quot;id&quot;:9962,&quot;user_id&quot;:7991,&quot;user_name&quot;:&quot;7C6QOM&quot;,&quot;create_time&quot;:&quot;2021-06-22T16:28:16.56234+08:00&quot;}]'</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="n">jsonb</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">to_tsquery</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'english'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'9LOHR4'</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'StartSel = &lt;, StopSel = &gt;'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ts_headline</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="err">{</span><span class="ss">&quot;id&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">9928</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;user_id&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4562</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;user_name&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;&lt;9LOHR4&gt;&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;create_time&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;2021-06-22T16:28:16.504518+08:00&quot;</span><span class="err">}</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="ss">&quot;id&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">9959</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;user_id&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">5524</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;user_name&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;YID07D&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;create_time&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;2021-06-22T16:28:16.557228+08:00&quot;</span><span class="err">}</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="ss">&quot;id&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">9962</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;user_id&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7991</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;user_name&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;7C6QOM&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;create_time&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">&quot;2021-06-22T16:28:16.56234+08:00&quot;</span><span class="err">}</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_section1355033265010"><h4 class="sectiontitle">json_to_tsvector(config regconfig, ] json, jsonb)</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p7610393509">Description: Converts the json format to the tsvector file format that supports full-text search.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p16610397502">Return type: jsonb</p>
<div class="p" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_p168391501">Example:<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515745__en-us_topic_0000001453140122_screen46439135010"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="n">postgres</span><span class="o">=#</span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json_to_tsvector</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'{&quot;a&quot;:1, &quot;b&quot;:2, &quot;c&quot;:3}'</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="n">json</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">to_jsonb</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'key'</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="nb">text</span><span class="p">));</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json_to_tsvector</span>
<span class="c1">------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'b'</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'c'</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">4</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<div class="familylinks">
<div class="parentlink"><strong>Parent topic:</strong> <a href="dws_06_0041.html">JSON/JSONB Functions and Operators</a></div>
</div>
</div>
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