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Reviewed-by: Pruthi, Vineet <vineet.pruthi@t-systems.com>
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<a name="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515637"></a><a name="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515637"></a>
<h1 class="topictitle1">Array Operators</h1>
<div id="body0000001503319673"><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515637__p12662917326">Array comparisons compare the array contents element-by-element, using the default B-tree comparison function for the element data type. In multidimensional arrays, the elements are accessed in row-major order. If the contents of two arrays are equal but the dimensionality is different, the first difference in the dimensionality information determines the sort order.</p>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515637__section1160592019252"><h4 class="sectiontitle">=</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515637__p4599020142510">Description: Specifies whether two arrays are equal.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515637__p559942072519">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515637__screen3600820202518"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">ARRAY</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]::</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">ARRAY</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">RESULT</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">result</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">--------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515637__section5912919102718"><h4 class="sectiontitle">&lt;&gt;</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515637__p8907191992718">Description: Specifies whether two arrays are not equal.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515637__p129071119102716">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515637__screen1908219172718"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">ARRAY</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">ARRAY</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">RESULT</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">result</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">--------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515637__section11210323112710"><h4 class="sectiontitle">&lt;</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515637__p8206152313271">Description: Specifies whether an array is less than another.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515637__p5206192332712">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515637__screen1520752314270"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">ARRAY</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">ARRAY</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">RESULT</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">result</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">--------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515637__section1457872642712"><h4 class="sectiontitle">&gt;</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515637__p1257442612271">Description: Specifies whether an array is greater than another.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515637__p185741826142712">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515637__screen14574142617273"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">ARRAY</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">ARRAY</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">RESULT</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">result</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">--------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515637__section1805202962715"><h4 class="sectiontitle">&lt;=</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515637__p680112942719">Description: Specifies whether an array is less than another.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515637__p9801152932715">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515637__screen58021929152714"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">ARRAY</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">ARRAY</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">RESULT</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">result</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">--------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515637__section1185013262719"><h4 class="sectiontitle">&gt;=</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515637__p16847193262711">Description: Specifies whether an array is greater than or equal to another.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515637__p1847193252719">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515637__screen184863211271"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">ARRAY</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">ARRAY</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">RESULT</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">result</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">--------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515637__section4942113518278"><h4 class="sectiontitle">@&gt;</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515637__p1940143513271">Description: Specifies whether an array contains another.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515637__p6940173552717">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515637__screen594043582718"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">ARRAY</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">@&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">ARRAY</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">RESULT</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">result</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">--------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515637__section1880012385272"><h4 class="sectiontitle">&lt;@</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515637__p679816381279">Description: Specifies whether an array is contained in another.</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515637__p16798183818272">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515637__screen12798153852715"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">ARRAY</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;@</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">ARRAY</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">RESULT</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">result</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">--------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515637__section2795134113275"><h4 class="sectiontitle">&amp;&amp;</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515637__p117931641182711">Description: Specifies whether an array overlaps another (have common elements).</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515637__p11793104118272">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515637__screen7793164116272"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">ARRAY</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">ARRAY</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">RESULT</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">result</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">--------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515637__section29565442278"><h4 class="sectiontitle">||</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515637__p139543448278">Description: Array-to-array concatenation</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515637__p695424472712">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515637__screen11955134402718"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">ARRAY</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">ARRAY</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">RESULT</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">result</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">---------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">6</span><span class="err">}</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515637__screen16955444132713"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">ARRAY</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">ARRAY</span><span class="p">[[</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">],[</span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">8</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">9</span><span class="p">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">RESULT</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">result</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">---------------------------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{{</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="err">}</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="err">{</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">6</span><span class="err">}</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="err">{</span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">8</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">9</span><span class="err">}}</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515637__section12911522276"><h4 class="sectiontitle">||</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515637__p429015216271">Description: Element-to-array concatenation</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515637__p7290175212271">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515637__screen19291125211271"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">ARRAY</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">RESULT</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">result</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">-----------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">6</span><span class="err">}</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515637__section10481314202920"><h4 class="sectiontitle">||</h4><p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515637__p1848031452913">Description: Array-to-element concatenation</p>
<p id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515637__p11480121462917">Example:</p>
<div class="codecoloring" codetype="Sql" id="EN-US_TOPIC_0000001811515637__screen164811614172913"><div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span class="normal">1</span>
<span class="normal">2</span>
<span class="normal">3</span>
<span class="normal">4</span>
<span class="normal">5</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">ARRAY</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">AS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">RESULT</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">result</span><span class="w"> </span>
<span class="c1">-----------</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="err">{</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="err">}</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</div>
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<div>
<div class="familylinks">
<div class="parentlink"><strong>Parent topic:</strong> <a href="dws_06_0044.html">Array Functions and Operators</a></div>
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